{ "id": "LB-en-aberrant-011", "slug": "aberrant", "title": { "en": "ABERRANT ↔ 讹 é · 反常的／偏离常规的", "zh-Hans": "ABERRANT ↔ 讹 é · 反常的／偏离常规的" }, "languages": [ { "role": "source", "code": "en", "name": "English", "word": "aberrant", "pronunciation": "/əˈberənt/; also /ˈæbərənt/", "part_of_speech": "adjective · 形容词" }, { "role": "historically-related-root-family", "code": "en", "name": "English", "word": "err", "pronunciation": "BrE non-rhotic /ɜː/ (linking /r/); AmE /er/, also /ɝ/; accent-dependent", "part_of_speech": "verb · 动词" }, { "role": "historically-related-form", "code": "fr", "name": "French", "word": "aberrant / aberrante", "pronunciation": "/a.bɛ.ʁɑ̃/ · /a.bɛ.ʁɑ̃t/", "part_of_speech": "adjectif; masculin / féminin" }, { "role": "historically-related-root-family", "code": "fr", "name": "French", "word": "erreur", "pronunciation": "/ɛ.ʁœʁ/ (broad modern reference; TLFi [εʀœ:ʀ])", "part_of_speech": "nom féminin" }, { "role": "standard-translation", "code": "zh-Hans", "name": "Chinese", "word": "反常的／偏离常规的", "pronunciation": "fǎncháng de / piānlí chángguī de" }, { "role": "phonetic-semantic-candidate", "code": "zh-Hans", "name": "Chinese", "word": "讹", "pronunciation": "é /ɤ˧˥/" }, { "role": "historically-related-root-family", "code": "en", "name": "English", "word": "error", "pronunciation": "BrE /ˈerə(r)/; AmE /ˈerər/", "part_of_speech": "noun · 名词" }, { "role": "historical-form", "code": "la", "name": "Latin", "word": "errāre", "pronunciation": "[ɛrˈraː.rɛ] approximate Classical reference; not recorded ancient speech", "part_of_speech": "present active infinitive" }, { "role": "modern-semantic-mapping", "code": "zh-Hans", "name": "Chinese", "word": "偏", "pronunciation": "piān" } ], "primary_mapping": { "mapping_id": "MAP-aberrant-primary-fanchang", "source": { "language": "English", "word": "aberrant", "pronunciation": "/əˈberənt/; also /ˈæbərənt/" }, "target": { "language": "Chinese", "word": "反常的／偏离常规的", "pronunciation": "fǎncháng de / piānlí chángguī de" }, "gloss": { "en": "Departing from an accepted standard, normal course or natural type; atypical", "zh-Hans": "偏离公认标准、正常路径或通常类型的；反常的、异常的" }, "meaning": { "en": "Standard adjective meaning: departing from the usual or normal type. Featured err ↔ 讹 é belongs to the related ERROR stage; modern semantic mapping → 偏; earlier Latin WANDER/STRAY mapping pending.", "zh-Hans": "标准形容词义：反常的／偏离常规的。特色 err ↔ 讹 é 属于词族的 ERROR 阶段；现代语义映射 → 偏；早期拉丁 WANDER／STRAY 阶段待定。" }, "mapping_type": "Reviewed lexical equivalent", "rationale": { "en": "The standard adjective translation describes deviation from a norm. The featured err ↔ 讹 comparison is limited to the related ERROR stage, with separate evidence and confidence.", "zh-Hans": "标准形容词翻译描述偏离常态；特色 err ↔ 讹 比较限定在相关 ERROR 阶段，证据与置信度独立。" } }, "entry_status": "Reviewed", "mapping_status": "Candidate", "mapping_level": "C", "historical_relation_status": "Not claimed", "evidence": { "Historical": { "status": "Established", "confidence": "High", "summary": { "en": "English aberrant comes from Latin aberrant-, aberrans, the present participle of aberrare: ab- ‘away, from’ + errare ‘wander, stray, be mistaken’. French aberrant/aberrante is the adjectivized present participle of French aberrer, itself borrowed from Latin aberrare; it is not evidenced here as an English loan. French erreur continues Latin error, erroris.", "zh-Hans": "英语 aberrant 来自拉丁语 aberrant-、aberrans，即 aberrare 的现在分词：ab-“离开、从” + errare“游荡、偏离、犯错”。法语 aberrant／aberrante 是法语 aberrer 的形容词化现在分词，而 aberrer 借自拉丁语 aberrare；没有证据支持它从英语借入。法语 erreur 承自拉丁语 error、erroris。" }, "items": [ { "evidence_id": "HIST-ABERRANT-EN-001", "claim": { "en": "English aberrant is chiefly an adjective borrowed from Latin aberrant-, aberrans, present participle of aberrare.", "zh-Hans": "英语 aberrant 主要是形容词，借自拉丁语 aberrant-、aberrans，即 aberrare 的现在分词。" }, "status": "Established", "confidence": "High", "source_refs": [ "REF-MW-ABERRANT", "REF-OALD-ABERRANT" ] }, { "evidence_id": "HIST-ABERRANT-MORPH-002", "claim": { "en": "Latin aberrare is morphologically ab- ‘away/from’ + errare ‘wander, stray, err’; the b belongs to the inherited prefix ab-.", "zh-Hans": "拉丁语 aberrare 的形态是 ab-“离开／从” + errare“游荡、偏离、犯错”；b 属于继承的前缀 ab-。" }, "status": "Established", "confidence": "High", "source_refs": [ "REF-MW-ABERRANT", "REF-OALD-ABERRANT" ] }, { "evidence_id": "HIST-ABERRANT-FR-003", "claim": { "en": "French aberrant/aberrante is an adjectivized present participle of aberrer; French aberrer was borrowed from Latin aberrare.", "zh-Hans": "法语 aberrant／aberrante 是 aberrer 的形容词化现在分词；法语 aberrer 借自拉丁语 aberrare。" }, "status": "Established", "confidence": "High", "source_refs": [ "REF-AF-ABERRANT", "REF-CNRTL-ABERRANT", "REF-CNRTL-ABERRER" ] }, { "evidence_id": "HIST-ERR-FAMILY-004", "claim": { "en": "English err is a verb from Middle English erren, borrowed from Anglo-French and Latin errare; French erreur is a feminine noun from Latin error, erroris.", "zh-Hans": "英语 err 是动词，来自中古英语 erren，经盎格鲁-法语和拉丁语 errare；法语 erreur 是阴性名词，来自拉丁语 error、erroris。" }, "status": "Established", "confidence": "High", "source_refs": [ "REF-MW-ERR", "REF-CNRTL-ERREUR" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "REF-MW-ABERRANT", "REF-OALD-ABERRANT", "REF-AF-ABERRANT", "REF-CNRTL-ABERRANT", "REF-CNRTL-ABERRER", "REF-MW-ERR", "REF-CNRTL-ERREUR" ] }, "Phonetic-Semantic": { "status": "Candidate", "confidence": "Low", "summary": { "en": "Featured ERR / ERROR ↔ 讹 é: error semantics overlap, but err is a verb; 讹 is selected in error/corruption uses. BrE non-rhotic /ɜː/, rhotic /er, ɝ/ and Mandarin /ɤ˧˥/ differ. Modern stage → 偏; Latin wander/stray stage mapping pending.", "zh-Hans": "特色 ERR / ERROR ↔ 讹 é：错误义有交集，但 err 为动词，讹取差错／讹误用法。非 rhotic 英式 /ɜː/、rhotic /er, ɝ/ 与普通话 /ɤ˧˥/ 不同。现代阶段 → 偏；拉丁游走／迷途阶段 Mapping pending。" }, "items": [ { "evidence_id": "PHONSEM-ERR-E-001", "claim": { "en": "Featured 讹 é compares the ERR / ERROR family error sense, using modern English err for the sound test. It is not a translation of the whole adjective aberrant or a reconstruction of Latin pronunciation. Historical Relation: Not claimed.", "zh-Hans": "特色讹 é 对应 ERR / ERROR 词族的错误义阶段，声音检验采用现代英语 err。它不是整个形容词 aberrant 的标准翻译，也不是拉丁古音重构。Historical Relation: Not claimed。" }, "status": "Candidate", "confidence": "Low", "source_refs": [ "ABER-OALD-ERR", "ABER-OALD-ERROR", "REF-MW-ERR", "REF-CNRTL-ERREUR", "REF-ZDIC-E" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "ABER-OALD-ERR", "ABER-OALD-ERROR", "REF-MW-ERR", "REF-CNRTL-ERREUR", "REF-ZDIC-E" ] }, "Cognitive": { "status": "Interpretive", "confidence": "Medium", "summary": { "en": "Modern ABERRANT → 偏 is a semantic abstraction. Latin WANDER / STRAY and figurative ERROR coexist in the recorded family: the path is a semantic organization, not a dated sequence in which each sense replaced the previous one.", "zh-Hans": "现代 ABERRANT → 偏 是语义概括。拉丁词族已有游走／偏离及比喻错误义并存；此路径为语义组织，不是每义依次取代前义的精确年代链。" }, "items": [], "source_refs": [ "REF-MW-ABERRANT", "REF-MW-ERR", "ABER-ZD-PIAN" ] }, "Speculative": { "status": "Rejected", "confidence": "High", "summary": { "en": "The proposed idea that b was inserted merely to connect initial a to err is rejected as a historical explanation: b is part of Latin ab-. The observation is preserved as an author sound-structure hypothesis, not deleted.", "zh-Hans": "“b 只是为连接开头 a 与 err 而加入”的想法，作为历史解释被否定：b 属于拉丁前缀 ab-。这一观察仍作为作者的声音结构假说保留，而非删除。" }, "items": [ { "evidence_id": "SPEC-ABERRANT-B-001", "claim": { "en": "Author hypothesis: b may have been inserted between a and err as a consonantal bridge.", "zh-Hans": "作者假说：b 可能作为辅音桥梁插入 a 与 err 之间。" }, "status": "Rejected", "confidence": "High", "source_refs": [ "REF-JL-ABERRANT-RAW", "REF-MW-ABERRANT", "REF-OALD-ABERRANT" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "REF-JL-ABERRANT-RAW", "REF-MW-ABERRANT", "REF-OALD-ABERRANT" ] } }, "phonetic_observation": [ { "observation_id": "PHON-ERR-E-001", "claim": { "en": "err ↔ 讹 is an accent-dependent partial resemblance, not homophony.", "zh-Hans": "err ↔ 讹 为受口音影响的部分音近，不是同音。" }, "status": "Candidate", "scope": "Modern English sound comparison within a historically identified family; no Latin–Old Chinese sound equation", "segments": { "onset": { "en": "Both are phonologically vowel-initial. Absence of an onset is common and not positive evidence of a consonant correspondence.", "zh-Hans": "均可分析为零声母／元音起首；无声母很常见，不是辅音规律对应的正证。" }, "vowel": { "en": "BrE /ɜː/ is a long central vowel; AmE /er/ has a front vowel and /r/, or /ɝ/ has rhotic colouring. Mandarin /ɤ/ is back and unrounded; spelling e does not equate these vowels.", "zh-Hans": "英式 /ɜː/ 为长央元音；美式 /er/ 为前元音加 /r/，另有卷舌 /ɝ/。普通话 /ɤ/ 为后不圆唇元音；字母 e 相似不等于元音相同。" }, "rhoticity": { "en": "Non-rhotic BrE err has no final /r/ before a pause, but may link /r/ before a vowel; rhotic accents retain /r/ or r-colouring. Mandarin é has neither.", "zh-Hans": "非 rhotic 英式 err 在停顿前无词尾 /r/，元音前可连读 /r/；rhotic 口音保留 /r/ 或卷舌色彩；普通话 é 均无。" }, "syllables": { "en": "err and é are monosyllabic. error is two syllables /ˈerə(r), ˈerər/; erreur /ɛ.ʁœʁ/ is two syllables with uvular rhotics and a rounded /œ/. Neither is a homophone of é; whole aberrant has three syllables.", "zh-Hans": "err、é 均单音节；error /ˈerə(r), ˈerər/ 为两音节；erreur /ɛ.ʁœʁ/ 为两音节，含小舌音及圆唇 /œ/。两者均非 é 的同音词；完整 aberrant 为三音节。" }, "tone": { "en": "Mandarin é has lexical rising tone /ɤ˧˥/; English stress and French phrase prosody do not match Mandarin tone.", "zh-Hans": "普通话 é 带阳平 /ɤ˧˥/；英语重音、法语短语韵律不对应普通话词汇声调。" } }, "rating": { "score": 10, "maximum": 30, "confidence": "Low", "method": "Editorial components: onset absence 1/10; vowel resemblance 4/8; rhotic/coda fit across accents 2/5; one-syllable shape 3/4; tone/prosody 0/3. No acoustic data. The whole error/erreur words receive no transferred err score." }, "limitations": { "en": "Featured 讹 é compares the ERR / ERROR family error sense, using modern English err for the sound test. It is not a translation of the whole adjective aberrant or a reconstruction of Latin pronunciation. Historical Relation: Not claimed.", "zh-Hans": "特色讹 é 对应 ERR / ERROR 词族的错误义阶段，声音检验采用现代英语 err。它不是整个形容词 aberrant 的标准翻译，也不是拉丁古音重构。Historical Relation: Not claimed。" }, "source_refs": [ "ABER-OALD-ERR", "ABER-OALD-ERROR", "REF-MW-ERR", "REF-CNRTL-ERREUR", "REF-ZDIC-E" ] } ], "semantic_structure": { "concepts": [ "DEPARTURE", "WANDERING", "DEVIATION", "ERROR", "ABNORMALITY" ], "relation": "DEPARTURE → WANDERING → DEVIATION → ERROR / ABNORMALITY", "status": "Supported" }, "hypotheses": [ { "hypothesis_id": "UNI-ERR-E-001", "type": "Cross-language phonetic-semantic candidate", "claim": { "en": "English err and Mandarin 讹 é may form a memorable modern sound-meaning association in the ERROR/DEVIATION field, without common-origin claim.", "zh-Hans": "英语 err 与普通话“讹”é 可能在 ERROR／DEVIATION 语义场形成可记忆的现代声音—意义联想，但不主张共同来源。" }, "status": "Candidate", "confidence": "Low", "supporting_cases": [ "err: verb, make a mistake; earlier stray", "讹 é: selected error/corruption uses", "one LATIN-ERRARE family, not independent English/French samples" ], "counterexamples": [ "vowel quality differs", "non-rhotic and rhotic English vary", "Mandarin tone unmatched", "verb versus nominal/compound usage", "no demonstrated cross-language historical chain" ], "testability": { "en": "Test blinded sound-similarity and semantic-relatedness separately, with unrelated onsetless-vowel controls and multiple English accents.", "zh-Hans": "分别盲测声音相似度与语义相关度，加入无关零声母元音负对照，并覆盖多种英语口音。" }, "experiment_link": null, "source_refs": [ "REF-MW-ERR", "REF-ZDIC-E", "REF-JL-ABERRANT-RAW" ] }, { "hypothesis_id": "UNI-ABERRANT-BRIDGE-B-002", "type": "Author sound-structure hypothesis", "claim": { "en": "The b in aberrant was added as a consonantal bridge between a and err.", "zh-Hans": "aberrant 中的 b 是在 a 与 err 之间加入的辅音桥。" }, "status": "Rejected", "confidence": "High", "supporting_cases": [ "surface segmentation a.b.err.ant in the author note" ], "counterexamples": [ "documented Latin aberrant-, aberrans", "documented morpheme ab- + errare", "French aberrer independently continues Latin aberrare" ], "testability": { "en": "Historical morphology is already testable against attested Latin forms and dictionary etymologies; those sources contradict the insertion account.", "zh-Hans": "历史形态可直接用有文献的拉丁语形式与词源词典检验；这些来源与插入说相矛盾。" }, "experiment_link": null, "source_refs": [ "REF-JL-ABERRANT-RAW", "REF-MW-ABERRANT", "REF-OALD-ABERRANT", "REF-CNRTL-ABERRER" ] } ], "experiments": [], "literary_layer": { "status": "Reviewed", "is_historical_evidence": false, "proposition": { "en": "In a moment of error, is it beauty like a swan’s, or a goose’s mistaken call? No, that love is full of beauty and art.", "zh-Hans": "错讹的时候，是一种如天鹅般美丽还是家鹅的讹音？不，那爱充满美艺。" }, "essay_prose": [], "poem_lyrics": [], "translations": [ { "language": "English", "status": "Literary translation; lightly revised 2026-09-15", "text": "In a moment of error, is it beauty like a swan’s, or a goose’s mistaken call? No, that love is full of beauty and art." } ], "archival_manuscript_media": [], "evidence_boundary": { "en": "The swan/domestic-goose, mis-sound, love, beauty and art wordplay is literature. It does not support the historical morphology or the err ↔ 讹 hypothesis.", "zh-Hans": "天鹅／家鹅、讹音、爱、美与艺的文字游戏属于文学，不为历史形态或 err ↔ 讹假说提供证据。" }, "author": "Jinkai Liu" }, "media": [], "references": [ { "reference_id": "REF-JL-ABERRANT-RAW", "title": "Jinkai Liu: aberrant / err / 讹 source research note", "type": "author research note", "url": null, "path": null, "provenance": "author-provided in conversation; original ideas and literary text preserved" }, { "reference_id": "REF-MW-ABERRANT", "title": "Merriam-Webster Dictionary: aberrant", "type": "dictionary", "url": "https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/aberrant", "path": null, "provenance": "external dictionary; accessed 2026-08-30", "accessed": "2026-09-15" }, { "reference_id": "REF-OALD-ABERRANT", "title": "Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary: aberrant", "type": "dictionary", "url": "https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/aberrant", "path": null, "provenance": "external dictionary; accessed 2026-08-30", "accessed": "2026-09-15" }, { "reference_id": "REF-MW-ERR", "title": "Merriam-Webster Dictionary: err", "type": "dictionary", "url": "https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/err", "path": null, "provenance": "external dictionary; accessed 2026-08-30", "accessed": "2026-09-15" }, { "reference_id": "REF-AF-ABERRANT", "title": "Dictionnaire de l’Académie française, 9e édition: aberrant, aberrante", "type": "dictionary", "url": "https://www.dictionnaire-academie.fr/article/A9A0057", "path": null, "provenance": "Académie française; accessed 2026-08-30" }, { "reference_id": "REF-CNRTL-ABERRANT", "title": "CNRTL/TLFi: étymologie de aberrant", "type": "historical dictionary", "url": "https://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/aberrant", "path": null, "provenance": "external lexicographic reference; accessed 2026-08-30", "accessed": "2026-09-15" }, { "reference_id": "REF-CNRTL-ABERRER", "title": "CNRTL/TLFi: étymologie de aberrer", "type": "historical dictionary", "url": "https://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/aberrer", "path": null, "provenance": "external lexicographic reference; accessed 2026-08-30", "accessed": "2026-09-15" }, { "reference_id": "REF-CNRTL-ERREUR", "title": "CNRTL/TLFi: erreur", "type": "historical dictionary", "url": "https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/erreurs", "path": null, "provenance": "TLFi erreur entry via plural lookup; cached lexical text checked; current endpoint intermittently redirects to empty portal", "accessed": "2026-09-15" }, { "reference_id": "REF-LANGUAGESBOOK-ABERRANT", "title": "languagesbook.com legacy entry: aberrant", "type": "legacy author publication", "url": "https://languagesbook.com/glossary/aberration-aberasj%c9%99n-n-%e8%8d%92%e8%b0%ac/", "path": null, "provenance": "author-published legacy website; source merged without overwriting the independently reviewed record" }, { "reference_id": "REF-ZDIC-E", "title": "汉典：讹", "type": "mainland digital lexicographic platform", "url": "https://www.zdic.net/hans/讹", "path": null, "provenance": "汉典现行条目；用于讹的错误、谬误及讹误相关现代义；不支持跨语言同源；accessed 2026-09-08. 汉典为大陆数字辞书平台，不冒充纸本辞书或所转录古籍的校勘本；古籍书证若未直接核对具体整理本，只按平台转录层级使用。", "accessed": "2026-09-15" }, { "reference_id": "ABER-OALD-ERR", "title": "Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary: err", "url": "https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/err", "type": "lexicographic or grammatical source", "path": null, "provenance": "British /ɜː(r)/ and American /er/; verb and history", "accessed": "2026-09-15" }, { "reference_id": "ABER-OALD-ERROR", "title": "Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary: error", "url": "https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/error", "type": "lexicographic or grammatical source", "path": null, "provenance": "Noun; British and American IPA", "accessed": "2026-09-15" }, { "reference_id": "ABER-DCC", "title": "Allen & Greenough: Vowel and Consonant Pronunciation", "url": "https://dcc.dickinson.edu/grammar/latin/vowel-and-consonant-pronunciation", "type": "lexicographic or grammatical source", "path": null, "provenance": "DCC §8, approximate Roman pronunciation; IPA here is editorial inference", "accessed": "2026-09-15" }, { "reference_id": "ABER-ZD-PIAN", "title": "汉典：偏", "url": "https://zdic.net/hans/偏", "type": "lexicographic or grammatical source", "path": null, "provenance": "大陆数字辞书平台；限基本／详细解释、拼音；不使用嵌入其他辞书栏目或古籍引文", "accessed": "2026-09-15" }, { "reference_id": "ABER-ZD-YOU", "title": "汉典：游", "url": "https://zdic.net/hans/游", "type": "lexicographic or grammatical source", "path": null, "provenance": "大陆数字辞书平台；限基本／详细解释、拼音；不使用嵌入其他辞书栏目或古籍引文", "accessed": "2026-09-15" }, { "reference_id": "ABER-ZD-MI", "title": "汉典：迷", "url": "https://zdic.net/hans/迷", "type": "lexicographic or grammatical source", "path": null, "provenance": "大陆数字辞书平台；限基本／详细解释、拼音；不使用嵌入其他辞书栏目或古籍引文", "accessed": "2026-09-15" } ], "author": "Jinkai Liu", "version": "ABERRANT Diachronic Stage Recalibration v1.0 / Schema v1.0", "dates": { "created": "2026-08-30", "modified": "2026-09-15", "published": null }, "editorial_notes": [ { "en": "Featured 讹 é compares the ERR / ERROR family error sense, using modern English err for the sound test. It is not a translation of the whole adjective aberrant or a reconstruction of Latin pronunciation. Historical Relation: Not claimed.", "zh-Hans": "特色讹 é 对应 ERR / ERROR 词族的错误义阶段，声音检验采用现代英语 err。它不是整个形容词 aberrant 的标准翻译，也不是拉丁古音重构。Historical Relation: Not claimed。" }, { "en": "C — Experimental (testable, not experimentally validated); Phonetic-Semantic Candidate; Weak overall confidence. Scoped error semantics justify investigation; limited sound resemblance remains untested. Level follows relationship type, not a numerical threshold.", "zh-Hans": "C—Experimental（待实验验证）；语音语义候选；整体置信度 Low／Weak。限定错误义支持研究，部分音近未经实验；等级按关系性质判断，不由分数机械换算。" }, { "en": "The primary lexical field remains the standard adjective translation; Featured Mapping is separately selected. Latin, French and English evidence belongs to one family, not independent support for Chinese cognacy.", "zh-Hans": "primary lexical 字段保留标准形容词翻译；Featured Mapping 独立选择。拉丁、法语、英语为同一词族，不计为汉语同源的多个独立支持样本。" } ], "search_terms": [ "aberrant", "aberrants", "aberrance", "aberration", "err", "errs", "erred", "erring", "error", "erreur", "erreurs", "aberrer", "aberrante", "aberrantes", "讹", "訛", "é", "e", "讹误", "訛誤", "错讹", "錯訛", "错误", "錯誤", "谬误", "謬誤", "偏离", "偏離", "偏差", "反常", "异常", "異常", "荒谬", "荒謬", "absurd", "atypical", "deviant", "deviation", "DEPARTURE", "WANDERING", "DEVIATION", "ERROR", "ABNORMALITY", "天鹅", "天鵝", "家鹅", "家鵝", "讹音", "訛音", "美艺", "美藝", "errāre", "errare", "aberrāre", "aberrare", "偏", "piān", "Diachronic Stage Mapping" ], "page": "words/aberrant.html", "legacy": null, "source": { "type": "author-provided raw research note", "author": "Jinkai Liu", "status": "Preserved; claims independently classified above", "normalization": "Parts of speech, French accents and punctuation normalized in the reviewed fields; the original research claims and literary text remain quoted here.", "raw_note": "英语：aberrant n. 错误；a.b.err.ant；这里也许是 err 前面与元音 a 相连需要加一个辅音。err n. 错误。法语：aberrant a. 荒谬；a.b.err.ant；这个词从英语而来；aberrant (masculine)，aberrante (feminine)；erreur n. 错误。汉语：讹【e】n. 谣言，错误。备注：这里 aberrant，是 err 前面与元音 a 相连需要加一个辅音。诗文：错讹的时候，是一种如天鹅般美丽还是家鹅的讹音？不，那爱充满美艺。When it is aberrant, is it a kind of beautiful like a swan or a mispronunciation of a goose? No, that love is full of beauty and art." }, "legacy_import": { "batch_id": "LEGACY-WEBSITE-IMPORT-BATCH-001", "source_url": "https://languagesbook.com/glossary/aberration-aberasj%c9%99n-n-%e8%8d%92%e8%b0%ac/", "action": "merged-source-deduplicated", "raw_note": "aberrant，错讹。讹 e。err 与讹同音。" }, "confidence": "Low", "translation_status": "Supported", "direct_lexical_semantic_equivalence": false, "etymological_family_id": "LATIN-ERRARE", "standard_translation": { "source": "aberrant", "target": "反常的／偏离常规的", "terms": [ "反常的", "偏离常规的", "异常的" ], "part_of_speech": "adjective", "status": "Supported", "is_featured_mapping": false, "source_refs": [ "REF-MW-ABERRANT", "REF-OALD-ABERRANT" ] }, "translation_source_refs": [ "REF-MW-ABERRANT", "REF-OALD-ABERRANT" ], "featured_mapping": { "source": "ABERRANT", "target": "讹", "reading": "é", "display_label": "Featured Historical-unit Phonetic-Semantic Candidate · basis: ERR / ERROR ↔ 讹（错误义；非整词翻译） · C / Low", "status": "Candidate", "historical_relation": "Not claimed", "boundary": { "en": "Featured 讹 é compares the ERR / ERROR family error sense, using modern English err for the sound test. It is not a translation of the whole adjective aberrant or a reconstruction of Latin pronunciation. Historical Relation: Not claimed.", "zh-Hans": "特色讹 é 对应 ERR / ERROR 词族的错误义阶段，声音检验采用现代英语 err。它不是整个形容词 aberrant 的标准翻译，也不是拉丁古音重构。Historical Relation: Not claimed。" }, "source_refs": [ "REF-MW-ERR", "ABER-OALD-ERR", "ABER-OALD-ERROR", "REF-ZDIC-E" ], "candidate_ref": "MAP-ERR-E-STAGE" }, "mapping_assessment": { "rubric": "Mapping Score v0.2; qualitative A/B/C/D at protocol/protocol.mapping-framework.html#evaluation", "method": "Unvalidated editorial assessment, not acoustic measurement or probability; scoped to err ↔ 讹 in the ERROR stage, not whole-word aberrant.", "dimensions": [ { "name": "Phonetic Relation", "weight": 30, "score": 10, "reason": "零声母和单音节有部分相似；元音、rhoticity、声调不同" }, { "name": "Semantic Relation", "weight": 30, "score": 22, "reason": "错误／讹误语义有交集；err 动作与讹的名词／语素用法不完全等价" }, { "name": "Structural / Cognitive Relation", "weight": 20, "score": 13, "reason": "偏离路径与偏离正确性可解释；非独立历史证据" }, { "name": "Contextual Validity", "weight": 20, "score": 8, "reason": "文字讹误语境较合适；不能替换所有 error，更不能替换 aberrant；无盲测" } ], "total": 53, "maximum": 100, "level": "C", "confidence": "Low", "rationale": { "en": "C — Experimental (testable, not experimentally validated); Phonetic-Semantic Candidate; Weak overall confidence. Scoped error semantics justify investigation; limited sound resemblance remains untested. Level follows relationship type, not a numerical threshold.", "zh-Hans": "C—Experimental（待实验验证）；语音语义候选；整体置信度 Low／Weak。限定错误义支持研究，部分音近未经实验；等级按关系性质判断，不由分数机械换算。" } }, "featured_mapping_assessment": { "compared_unit": "modern err ↔ 讹 é; ERROR stage", "whole_word_homophony": false, "mapping_assessment": { "rubric": "Mapping Score v0.2; qualitative A/B/C/D at protocol/protocol.mapping-framework.html#evaluation", "method": "Unvalidated editorial assessment, not acoustic measurement or probability; scoped to err ↔ 讹 in the ERROR stage, not whole-word aberrant.", "dimensions": [ { "name": "Phonetic Relation", "weight": 30, "score": 10, "reason": "零声母和单音节有部分相似；元音、rhoticity、声调不同" }, { "name": "Semantic Relation", "weight": 30, "score": 22, "reason": "错误／讹误语义有交集；err 动作与讹的名词／语素用法不完全等价" }, { "name": "Structural / Cognitive Relation", "weight": 20, "score": 13, "reason": "偏离路径与偏离正确性可解释；非独立历史证据" }, { "name": "Contextual Validity", "weight": 20, "score": 8, "reason": "文字讹误语境较合适；不能替换所有 error，更不能替换 aberrant；无盲测" } ], "total": 53, "maximum": 100, "level": "C", "confidence": "Low", "rationale": { "en": "C — Experimental (testable, not experimentally validated); Phonetic-Semantic Candidate; Weak overall confidence. Scoped error semantics justify investigation; limited sound resemblance remains untested. Level follows relationship type, not a numerical threshold.", "zh-Hans": "C—Experimental（待实验验证）；语音语义候选；整体置信度 Low／Weak。限定错误义支持研究，部分音近未经实验；等级按关系性质判断，不由分数机械换算。" } }, "basis": "ERR / ERROR semantic stage; modern err pronunciation", "mapping_id": "MAP-ERR-E-STAGE" }, "modern_semantic_mapping": { "mapping_id": "MAP-ABERRANT-MODERN-PIAN", "source": "ABERRANT", "target": "偏", "reading": "piān", "mapping_type": "Semantic / Cognitive", "status": "Candidate", "mapping_level": "Unrated", "confidence": "Medium", "historical_relation_status": "Not claimed", "source_refs": [ "REF-OALD-ABERRANT", "ABER-ZD-PIAN" ], "meaning": { "en": "Deviation from a normal course → 偏 (departing from a centre/course). A semantic abstraction, not a complete adjective translation; no phonetic claim.", "zh-Hans": "偏离正常路径 → 偏（偏斜／偏离）；为语义概括，不是完整形容词译法，不主张音近。" } }, "diachronic_semantic_mapping": { "model_version": "0.1", "historical_stages": [ { "stage_id": "LATIN-WANDER", "form": "errāre", "variants": [], "unit_kind": "lemma", "language": { "name": "Latin", "code": null }, "period": { "label": "Latin; narrower dates not recorded in existing research", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "language_period", "source_refs": [ "REF-MW-ERR", "ABER-DCC" ] }, "attestation_status": "attested", "meaning": { "gloss": "wander / roam / stray; also figurative error in Latin", "pos": null, "constraints": [] }, "pronunciations": [ { "pronunciation_id": "PR-ERRARE", "value": "[ɛrˈraː.rɛ], approximate Classical reference inferred from spelling, vowel quantity and DCC pronunciation; /rr/ geminate rhotic, three syllables, no Mandarin lexical tone; not ancient audio.", "notation": "source_notation", "phonological_layer": "Latin Roman reference", "period": { "label": "Approximate Roman reference; not all Latin periods", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "language_period", "source_refs": [ "ABER-DCC" ] }, "variety": "Latin Roman reference", "system": "Existing entry transcription; see original scoped assessment", "status": "editorial_inference", "source_refs": [ "ABER-DCC" ] } ], "relations": [], "source_refs": [ "REF-MW-ERR", "ABER-DCC" ], "evidence_status": "mediated", "mapping_selection": "selected", "selection_note": "Modern Mandarin candidates only; not ancient Chinese reconstructions. No forced character selection." }, { "stage_id": "ERROR", "form": "err", "variants": [], "unit_kind": "lemma", "language": { "name": "Modern English", "code": null }, "period": { "label": "Modern reference; exact documentation date not inferred", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "attestation_status": "attested", "meaning": { "gloss": "make a mistake / error; not all WANDER senses", "pos": null, "constraints": [] }, "pronunciations": [ { "pronunciation_id": "PR-ERR", "value": "BrE /ɜː(r)/; AmE /er, ɝ/", "notation": "source_notation", "phonological_layer": "Modern English", "period": { "label": "Modern reference; exact documentation date not inferred", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "variety": "Modern English", "system": "Existing entry transcription; see original scoped assessment", "status": "documented", "source_refs": [ "ABER-OALD-ERR", "REF-MW-ERR" ] } ], "relations": [ { "from_stage_ref": "LATIN-WANDER", "relation_type": "related_family", "semantic_operation": { "type": "related_family", "description": "English err via Middle English/Anglo-French and Latin errāre; selected modern branch, not an ancestor of aberrant.", "status": "supported" }, "status": "supported", "source_refs": [ "ABER-OALD-ERR", "ABER-OALD-ERROR", "REF-MW-ERR", "REF-CNRTL-ERREUR", "REF-ZDIC-E" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "ABER-OALD-ERR", "ABER-OALD-ERROR", "REF-MW-ERR", "REF-CNRTL-ERREUR", "REF-ZDIC-E" ], "evidence_status": "mediated", "mapping_selection": "selected", "selection_note": "Family comparison branch; error and French erreur are related comparanda, not aliases sharing err pronunciation." }, { "stage_id": "MODERN-ABERRANT", "form": "aberrant", "variants": [], "unit_kind": "lemma", "language": { "name": "Modern English", "code": null }, "period": { "label": "Modern reference; exact documentation date not inferred", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "attestation_status": "attested", "meaning": { "gloss": "departing from normal / usual", "pos": null, "constraints": [] }, "pronunciations": [], "relations": [ { "from_stage_ref": "LATIN-WANDER", "relation_type": "related_family", "semantic_operation": { "type": "related_family", "description": "Latin ab- + errāre → aberrāre → aberrant-/aberrāns; intermediate morphology retained in Research. English err is a sibling comparison, not a required stage.", "status": "supported" }, "status": "supported", "source_refs": [ "REF-MW-ABERRANT", "REF-MW-ERR" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "REF-OALD-ABERRANT", "ABER-ZD-PIAN" ], "evidence_status": "mediated", "mapping_selection": "selected", "selection_note": "Independent aberrāre/aberrant- branch; no edge from English err/error." } ], "mappings": [ { "stage_mapping_id": "SM-LATIN-WANDER", "stage_ref": "LATIN-WANDER", "selection_reasons": [ "explanatory_value", "phonetic_form_value" ], "freeze": { "version": "0.1", "meaning_note": "wander / roam / stray; also figurative error in Latin", "excluded_senses": [ "No transfer of a different stage’s meaning or pronunciation" ], "status": "editor_reviewed" }, "search": { "status": "pending", "scope": { "lexical_layers": [ "Modern Mandarin" ], "phonological_layers": [ "Existing documented reference pronunciations only" ], "semantic_seeds": [ "wander / roam / stray; also figurative error in Latin" ], "consonant_hypotheses": [], "note": "Bounded migration of existing candidate inventory; not a new Discovery Work search." }, "run_refs": [], "stop_reason": "现有游／迷仅作语义对照；没有选定音义候选。保留 Pending，不强行配字。" }, "candidates": [ { "candidate_id": "CONTROL-ERRARE-YOU", "family_key": "legacy-aberrant", "target": { "form": "游", "lexical_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "language_variety": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "Modern Mandarin reference; historical attestations remain in Research", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "meaning": { "gloss": "游走 / roam", "pos": null, "constraints": [] }, "pronunciations": [ { "pronunciation_id": "ZH-CONTROL-ERRARE-YOU", "value": "yóu", "notation": "source_notation", "phonological_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "Modern reference; exact documentation date not inferred", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "variety": "Modern Mandarin", "system": "Existing entry transcription; see original scoped assessment", "status": "documented", "source_refs": [ "ABER-ZD-YOU" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "ABER-ZD-YOU" ] }, "comparison": { "source_stage_ref": "LATIN-WANDER", "source_pronunciation_ref": "PR-ERRARE", "target_pronunciation_ref": "ZH-CONTROL-ERRARE-YOU", "source_span": "errāre", "scope": "semantic_only", "hypothesis": { "group": null, "hit": false, "position": "No consonant-group claim", "version": "legacy hypothesis; not validated" } }, "role": "meaning_control", "decision": "reserved", "semantic_fit": { "fit": "partial", "confidence": "Medium", "rationale": "流动／游走 suits wandering, but /iou/ has no Latin geminate-r match; roaming need not be error.", "source_refs": [ "ABER-ZD-YOU" ] }, "phonetic_fit": { "fit": "weak", "confidence": "Low", "rationale": "Existing feature comparison retained; no acoustic measurement.", "features": { "onset": "Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.", "vowel": "Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.", "coda_other_consonants": "Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.", "syllables": "Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.", "prosody": "Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating." }, "source_refs": [ "ABER-ZD-YOU" ] }, "evidence": [ { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "mediated", "source_refs": [ "ABER-ZD-YOU" ], "locator": null, "note": "Existing entry’s scoped dictionary/platform evidence; original print edition audit unchanged. Migration is not new verification." }, { "claim_scope": "comparison_inference", "status": "lead", "source_refs": [ "ABER-ZD-YOU" ], "locator": null, "note": "Editorial comparison; previous qualitative levels and unvalidated component scores remain in original Research fields." } ], "historical_relation": { "status": "Not claimed", "source_refs": [], "review_note": "No independent cross-language historical evidence introduced." }, "confounds": [ "流动／游走 suits wandering, but /iou/ has no Latin geminate-r match; roaming need not be error.", "Modern Chinese pronunciation is not an ancient reconstruction; resemblance does not establish descent." ], "discovery_priority": "none", "decision_reason": "流动／游走 suits wandering, but /iou/ has no Latin geminate-r match; roaming need not be error.", "review": { "status": "proposed", "reviewer": null, "date": "2026-09-19", "note": "Migration of previously reviewed research; no new linguistic verification or evidence promotion. Existing assessments retained in Research." } }, { "candidate_id": "CONTROL-ERRARE-MI", "family_key": "legacy-aberrant", "target": { "form": "迷", "lexical_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "language_variety": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "Modern Mandarin reference; historical attestations remain in Research", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "meaning": { "gloss": "迷路 / lose the way", "pos": null, "constraints": [] }, "pronunciations": [ { "pronunciation_id": "ZH-CONTROL-ERRARE-MI", "value": "mí", "notation": "source_notation", "phonological_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "Modern reference; exact documentation date not inferred", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "variety": "Modern Mandarin", "system": "Existing entry transcription; see original scoped assessment", "status": "documented", "source_refs": [ "ABER-ZD-MI" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "ABER-ZD-MI" ] }, "comparison": { "source_stage_ref": "LATIN-WANDER", "source_pronunciation_ref": "PR-ERRARE", "target_pronunciation_ref": "ZH-CONTROL-ERRARE-MI", "source_span": "errāre", "scope": "semantic_only", "hypothesis": { "group": null, "hit": false, "position": "No consonant-group claim", "version": "legacy hypothesis; not validated" } }, "role": "meaning_control", "decision": "reserved", "semantic_fit": { "fit": "partial", "confidence": "Medium", "rationale": "迷路／辨别不清 suits losing the way, not every roaming sense; initial /m/ and /i/ do not match Latin onsetless /ɛr-/.", "source_refs": [ "ABER-ZD-MI" ] }, "phonetic_fit": { "fit": "weak", "confidence": "Low", "rationale": "Existing feature comparison retained; no acoustic measurement.", "features": { "onset": "Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.", "vowel": "Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.", "coda_other_consonants": "Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.", "syllables": "Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.", "prosody": "Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating." }, "source_refs": [ "ABER-ZD-MI" ] }, "evidence": [ { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "mediated", "source_refs": [ "ABER-ZD-MI" ], "locator": null, "note": "Existing entry’s scoped dictionary/platform evidence; original print edition audit unchanged. Migration is not new verification." }, { "claim_scope": "comparison_inference", "status": "lead", "source_refs": [ "ABER-ZD-MI" ], "locator": null, "note": "Editorial comparison; previous qualitative levels and unvalidated component scores remain in original Research fields." } ], "historical_relation": { "status": "Not claimed", "source_refs": [], "review_note": "No independent cross-language historical evidence introduced." }, "confounds": [ "迷路／辨别不清 suits losing the way, not every roaming sense; initial /m/ and /i/ do not match Latin onsetless /ɛr-/.", "Modern Chinese pronunciation is not an ancient reconstruction; resemblance does not establish descent." ], "discovery_priority": "none", "decision_reason": "迷路／辨别不清 suits losing the way, not every roaming sense; initial /m/ and /i/ do not match Latin onsetless /ɛr-/.", "review": { "status": "proposed", "reviewer": null, "date": "2026-09-19", "note": "Migration of previously reviewed research; no new linguistic verification or evidence promotion. Existing assessments retained in Research." } } ], "review": { "status": "proposed", "reviewer": null, "date": "2026-09-19", "note": "Migration of previously reviewed research; no new linguistic verification or evidence promotion. Existing assessments retained in Research." } }, { "stage_mapping_id": "SM-ERROR", "stage_ref": "ERROR", "selection_reasons": [ "explanatory_value", "phonetic_form_value" ], "freeze": { "version": "0.1", "meaning_note": "make a mistake / error; not all WANDER senses", "excluded_senses": [ "No transfer of a different stage’s meaning or pronunciation" ], "status": "editor_reviewed" }, "search": { "status": "candidates_recorded", "scope": { "lexical_layers": [ "Modern Mandarin" ], "phonological_layers": [ "Existing documented reference pronunciations only" ], "semantic_seeds": [ "make a mistake / error; not all WANDER senses" ], "consonant_hypotheses": [], "note": "Bounded migration of existing candidate inventory; not a new Discovery Work search." }, "run_refs": [], "stop_reason": "Existing review retained. No forced Chinese winner; unresolved evidence remains Pending." }, "candidates": [ { "candidate_id": "MAP-ERR-E-STAGE", "family_key": "legacy-aberrant", "target": { "form": "讹", "lexical_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "language_variety": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "Modern Mandarin reference; historical attestations remain in Research", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "meaning": { "gloss": "差错、文字／记载讹误；非全部谣言、讹诈或古义", "pos": null, "constraints": [] }, "pronunciations": [ { "pronunciation_id": "ZH-MAP-ERR-E-STAGE", "value": "é /ɤ˧˥/", "notation": "source_notation", "phonological_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "Modern reference; exact documentation date not inferred", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "variety": "Modern Mandarin", "system": "Existing entry transcription; see original scoped assessment", "status": "documented", "source_refs": [ "ABER-OALD-ERR", "ABER-OALD-ERROR", "REF-MW-ERR", "REF-CNRTL-ERREUR", "REF-ZDIC-E" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "ABER-OALD-ERR", "ABER-OALD-ERROR", "REF-MW-ERR", "REF-CNRTL-ERREUR", "REF-ZDIC-E" ] }, "comparison": { "source_stage_ref": "ERROR", "source_pronunciation_ref": "PR-ERR", "target_pronunciation_ref": "ZH-MAP-ERR-E-STAGE", "source_span": "err", "scope": "whole_form", "hypothesis": { "group": null, "hit": false, "position": "No consonant-group claim", "version": "legacy hypothesis; not validated" } }, "role": "candidate", "decision": "shortlisted", "semantic_fit": { "fit": "partial", "confidence": "Low", "rationale": "Featured 讹 é compares the ERR / ERROR family error sense, using modern English err for the sound test. It is not a translation of the whole adjective aberrant or a reconstruction of Latin pronunciation. Historical Relation: Not claimed.", "source_refs": [ "ABER-OALD-ERR", "ABER-OALD-ERROR", "REF-MW-ERR", "REF-CNRTL-ERREUR", "REF-ZDIC-E" ] }, "phonetic_fit": { "fit": "partial", "confidence": "Low", "rationale": "err ↔ 讹 is an accent-dependent partial resemblance, not homophony.", "features": { "onset": "Both are phonologically vowel-initial. Absence of an onset is common and not positive evidence of a consonant correspondence.", "vowel": "BrE /ɜː/ is a long central vowel; AmE /er/ has a front vowel and /r/, or /ɝ/ has rhotic colouring. Mandarin /ɤ/ is back and unrounded; spelling e does not equate these vowels.", "coda_other_consonants": "Non-rhotic BrE err has no final /r/ before a pause, but may link /r/ before a vowel; rhotic accents retain /r/ or r-colouring. Mandarin é has neither.", "syllables": "err and é are monosyllabic. error is two syllables /ˈerə(r), ˈerər/; erreur /ɛ.ʁœʁ/ is two syllables with uvular rhotics and a rounded /œ/. Neither is a homophone of é; whole aberrant has three syllables.", "prosody": "Mandarin é has lexical rising tone /ɤ˧˥/; English stress and French phrase prosody do not match Mandarin tone." }, "source_refs": [ "ABER-OALD-ERR", "ABER-OALD-ERROR", "REF-MW-ERR", "REF-CNRTL-ERREUR", "REF-ZDIC-E" ] }, "evidence": [ { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "mediated", "source_refs": [ "ABER-OALD-ERR", "ABER-OALD-ERROR", "REF-MW-ERR", "REF-CNRTL-ERREUR", "REF-ZDIC-E" ], "locator": null, "note": "Existing entry’s scoped dictionary/platform evidence; original print edition audit unchanged. Migration is not new verification." }, { "claim_scope": "comparison_inference", "status": "lead", "source_refs": [ "ABER-OALD-ERR", "ABER-OALD-ERROR", "REF-MW-ERR", "REF-CNRTL-ERREUR", "REF-ZDIC-E" ], "locator": null, "note": "Editorial comparison; previous qualitative levels and unvalidated component scores remain in original Research fields." } ], "historical_relation": { "status": "Not claimed", "source_refs": [], "review_note": "No independent cross-language historical evidence introduced." }, "confounds": [ "Featured 讹 é compares the ERR / ERROR family error sense, using modern English err for the sound test. It is not a translation of the whole adjective aberrant or a reconstruction of Latin pronunciation. Historical Relation: Not claimed." ], "discovery_priority": "medium", "decision_reason": "Featured 讹 é compares the ERR / ERROR family error sense, using modern English err for the sound test. It is not a translation of the whole adjective aberrant or a reconstruction of Latin pronunciation. Historical Relation: Not claimed.", "review": { "status": "proposed", "reviewer": null, "date": "2026-09-19", "note": "Migration of previously reviewed research; no new linguistic verification or evidence promotion. Existing assessments retained in Research." } } ], "review": { "status": "proposed", "reviewer": null, "date": "2026-09-19", "note": "Migration of previously reviewed research; no new linguistic verification or evidence promotion. Existing assessments retained in Research." } }, { "stage_mapping_id": "SM-MODERN-ABERRANT", "stage_ref": "MODERN-ABERRANT", "selection_reasons": [ "explanatory_value" ], "freeze": { "version": "0.1", "meaning_note": "departing from normal / usual", "excluded_senses": [ "No transfer of a different stage’s meaning or pronunciation" ], "status": "editor_reviewed" }, "search": { "status": "candidates_recorded", "scope": { "lexical_layers": [ "Modern Mandarin" ], "phonological_layers": [ "Existing documented reference pronunciations only" ], "semantic_seeds": [ "departing from normal / usual" ], "consonant_hypotheses": [], "note": "Bounded migration of existing candidate inventory; not a new Discovery Work search." }, "run_refs": [], "stop_reason": "Existing review retained. No forced Chinese winner; unresolved evidence remains Pending." }, "candidates": [ { "candidate_id": "MAP-ABERRANT-MODERN-PIAN", "family_key": "legacy-aberrant", "target": { "form": "偏", "lexical_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "language_variety": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "Modern Mandarin reference; historical attestations remain in Research", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "meaning": { "gloss": "departing from normal / usual", "pos": null, "constraints": [] }, "pronunciations": [ { "pronunciation_id": "ZH-MAP-ABERRANT-MODERN-PIAN", "value": "piān", "notation": "source_notation", "phonological_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "Modern reference; exact documentation date not inferred", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "variety": "Modern Mandarin", "system": "Existing entry transcription; see original scoped assessment", "status": "documented", "source_refs": [ "REF-OALD-ABERRANT", "ABER-ZD-PIAN" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "REF-OALD-ABERRANT", "ABER-ZD-PIAN" ] }, "comparison": { "source_stage_ref": "MODERN-ABERRANT", "source_pronunciation_ref": null, "target_pronunciation_ref": "ZH-MAP-ABERRANT-MODERN-PIAN", "source_span": "aberrant", "scope": "semantic_only", "hypothesis": { "group": null, "hit": false, "position": "No consonant-group claim", "version": "legacy hypothesis; not validated" } }, "role": "candidate", "decision": "shortlisted", "semantic_fit": { "fit": "partial", "confidence": "Medium", "rationale": "偏取偏离常规义；不是所有反常语境的逐字译词。Existing Modern Semantic Mapping; source sound not graded in this migration.", "source_refs": [ "REF-OALD-ABERRANT", "ABER-ZD-PIAN" ] }, "phonetic_fit": { "fit": "not_evaluated", "confidence": "Unknown", "rationale": "Historical source pronunciation Pending. Spelling/group membership is not an evaluated sound match.", "features": { "onset": "Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.", "vowel": "Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.", "coda_other_consonants": "Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.", "syllables": "Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.", "prosody": "Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating." }, "source_refs": [ "REF-OALD-ABERRANT", "ABER-ZD-PIAN" ] }, "evidence": [ { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "mediated", "source_refs": [ "REF-OALD-ABERRANT", "ABER-ZD-PIAN" ], "locator": null, "note": "Existing entry’s scoped dictionary/platform evidence; original print edition audit unchanged. Migration is not new verification." }, { "claim_scope": "comparison_inference", "status": "lead", "source_refs": [ "REF-OALD-ABERRANT", "ABER-ZD-PIAN" ], "locator": null, "note": "Editorial comparison; previous qualitative levels and unvalidated component scores remain in original Research fields." } ], "historical_relation": { "status": "Not claimed", "source_refs": [], "review_note": "No independent cross-language historical evidence introduced." }, "confounds": [ "偏取偏离常规义；不是所有反常语境的逐字译词。Existing Modern Semantic Mapping; source sound not graded in this migration.", "Modern Chinese pronunciation is not an ancient reconstruction; resemblance does not establish descent." ], "discovery_priority": "medium", "decision_reason": "偏取偏离常规义，作为现代语义候选；不代替所有反常语境。", "review": { "status": "proposed", "reviewer": null, "date": "2026-09-19", "note": "Migration of previously reviewed research; no new linguistic verification or evidence promotion. Existing assessments retained in Research." } } ], "review": { "status": "proposed", "reviewer": null, "date": "2026-09-19", "note": "Migration of previously reviewed research; no new linguistic verification or evidence promotion. Existing assessments retained in Research." } } ], "display_selection": { "featured_candidate_ref": "MAP-ERR-E-STAGE", "stage_cards": [ { "stage_mapping_ref": "SM-LATIN-WANDER", "candidate_ref": null }, { "stage_mapping_ref": "SM-MODERN-ABERRANT", "candidate_ref": "MAP-ABERRANT-MODERN-PIAN" } ], "review_status": "approved", "reviewer": "Jinkai Liu", "reason": "沿用词族 ERR / ERROR 的错误义 → 讹（C / Low），声音只检验现代英语 err。它是词族比较分支，不是 aberrant 必经祖先；讹不是整个形容词的标准翻译。" }, "historical_path": "English aberrant ← Latin aberrant- / aberrāns (present participle of aberrāre = ab- + errāre). French aberrant ← adjectivized participle of aberrer ← Latin aberrāre. English err ← Middle English erren ← Anglo-French and Latin errāre; error / erreur share the Latin error family. These are branches, not English → French → Latin in a single borrowing chain.", "semantic_path": "WANDER / STRAY → DEVIATE FROM A PATH → ERROR / DEPARTURE FROM A NORM (semantic organization; meanings coexist, no dated replacement sequence claimed)", "boundary": { "en": "Diachronic Stage Mapping Principle: map separately only where form, meaning or semantic operation changes materially, not one character per language. Each stage has its own evidence, status and confidence. Chinese historical relation remains Not claimed.", "zh-Hans": "历时阶段映射原则：仅在形式、意义或语义操作有实质变化时分阶段映射，不是每经过一种语言就配一个汉字；每阶段独立 evidence/status/confidence。汉语跨语言 Historical Relation 仍为 Not claimed。" } }, "legacy_calibration": { "raw_hypotheses": [ "err 与讹同音", "a.b.err.ant: b added between vowels", "French aberrant from English" ], "corrections": [ "Not homophones: compare actual accent-specific IPA.", "Latin ab- + errāre: b belongs to ab-, away/from; not English intervocalic insertion.", "French aberrant is the adjectivized present participle of aberrer, borrowed from Latin aberrāre; English borrowing is not supported.", "aberrant mainly adjective, err verb, error noun. MW also records a noun aberrant (one that is aberrant), not the ordinary noun error." ], "status": "Raw hypotheses preserved; historical insertion and English-to-French origin rejected" }, "chinese_evidence": [ { "claim_type": "modern_meaning", "form": "讹", "claim": "差错；讹误特别用于文字、记载差错。讹传为错误传说／传递，讹音为不正确的音；谣言是另一义，不等同所有 error。讹诈不可译为 err。", "status": "Supported", "confidence": "Medium", "source_refs": [ "REF-ZDIC-E" ], "scope": "Mainland digital platform basic/detailed explanation and pronunciation only; no print-edition or ancient attestation claim" }, { "claim_type": "phonology", "form": "讹", "claim": "é /ɤ˧˥/; zero onset, back unrounded vowel, second tone.", "status": "Supported", "confidence": "Medium", "source_refs": [ "REF-ZDIC-E" ], "scope": "Mainland digital platform basic/detailed explanation and pronunciation only; no print-edition or ancient attestation claim" }, { "claim_type": "modern_meaning", "form": "偏", "claim": "Selected 偏斜／偏离 sense; semantic abstraction for deviation from a norm, not every sense of 偏.", "status": "Supported", "confidence": "Medium", "source_refs": [ "ABER-ZD-PIAN" ], "scope": "Mainland digital platform basic/detailed explanation and pronunciation only; no print-edition or ancient attestation claim" }, { "claim_type": "modern_meaning", "form": "游", "claim": "流动、不固定／游走 supports semantic option for wander.", "status": "Supported", "confidence": "Medium", "source_refs": [ "ABER-ZD-YOU" ], "scope": "Mainland digital platform basic/detailed explanation and pronunciation only; no print-edition or ancient attestation claim" }, { "claim_type": "modern_meaning", "form": "迷", "claim": "迷路／分辨不清 supports semantic option for stray, not all wandering.", "status": "Supported", "confidence": "Medium", "source_refs": [ "ABER-ZD-MI" ], "scope": "Mainland digital platform basic/detailed explanation and pronunciation only; no print-edition or ancient attestation claim" } ], "source_audit_pending": [ { "title": "现代汉语词典", "status": "pending", "claims": [ "讹 modern meaning / phonology" ], "reason": "Specific edition and entry not obtained; no page, quotation or earliest sense asserted." }, { "title": "新华字典", "status": "pending", "claims": [ "讹 modern meaning / phonology" ], "reason": "Specific edition and entry not obtained; no page, quotation or earliest sense asserted." }, { "title": "汉语大字典", "status": "pending", "claims": [ "讹 historical meaning / attestation" ], "reason": "Specific edition and entry not obtained; no page, quotation or earliest sense asserted." }, { "title": "汉语大词典", "status": "pending", "claims": [ "讹 historical meaning / attestation" ], "reason": "Specific edition and entry not obtained; no page, quotation or earliest sense asserted." }, { "title": "辞源", "status": "pending", "claims": [ "讹 historical meaning / attestation" ], "reason": "Specific edition and entry not obtained; no page, quotation or earliest sense asserted." } ], "legacy_migration": { "version": "0.1", "baseline_commit": "5ed87f6b6d2aa99523368bd26aa4c7d43b8deb3b", "scope": "Read-only Research archive of the pre-migration stage shape. Original assessments and author material elsewhere in this record are unchanged. Not a second active model.", "previous_diachronic_semantic_mapping": { "historical_path": "English aberrant ← Latin aberrant- / aberrāns (present participle of aberrāre = ab- + errāre). French aberrant ← adjectivized participle of aberrer ← Latin aberrāre. English err ← Middle English erren ← Anglo-French and Latin errāre; error / erreur share the Latin error family. These are branches, not English → French → Latin in a single borrowing chain.", "semantic_path": "WANDER / STRAY → DEVIATE FROM A PATH → ERROR / DEPARTURE FROM A NORM (semantic organization; meanings coexist, no dated replacement sequence claimed)", "historical_stages": [ { "stage_id": "LATIN-WANDER", "form": "errāre", "language": "Latin", "meaning": "wander / roam / stray; also figurative error in Latin", "evidence_status": "Established", "status": "Mapping pending", "confidence": "Unknown", "target": null, "historical_relation_status": "Not claimed", "source_refs": [ "REF-MW-ERR", "ABER-DCC" ], "phonetic_reference": "[ɛrˈraː.rɛ], approximate Classical reference inferred from spelling, vowel quantity and DCC pronunciation; /rr/ geminate rhotic, three syllables, no Mandarin lexical tone; not ancient audio.", "candidate_review": [ { "target": "游", "reading": "yóu", "status": "Semantic-only option; phonetic-semantic mapping pending", "reason": "流动／游走 suits wandering, but /iou/ has no Latin geminate-r match; roaming need not be error.", "source_refs": [ "ABER-ZD-YOU" ] }, { "target": "迷", "reading": "mí", "status": "Semantic-only option; phonetic-semantic mapping pending", "reason": "迷路／辨别不清 suits losing the way, not every roaming sense; initial /m/ and /i/ do not match Latin onsetless /ɛr-/.", "source_refs": [ "ABER-ZD-MI" ] } ], "boundary": "Modern Mandarin candidates only; not ancient Chinese reconstructions. No forced character selection." }, { "stage_id": "ERROR", "form": "ERR / ERROR; French erreur as secondary comparison", "meaning": "mistake / corruption of correctness", "evidence_status": "Supported", "status": "Candidate", "confidence": "Low", "mapping_id": "MAP-ERR-E-STAGE", "target": "讹", "historical_relation_status": "Not claimed", "source_refs": [ "ABER-OALD-ERR", "ABER-OALD-ERROR", "REF-MW-ERR", "REF-CNRTL-ERREUR", "REF-ZDIC-E" ] }, { "stage_id": "MODERN-ABERRANT", "form": "ABERRANT", "meaning": "departing from normal / usual", "evidence_status": "Supported", "status": "Candidate", "confidence": "Medium", "mapping_id": "MAP-ABERRANT-MODERN-PIAN", "target": "偏", "historical_relation_status": "Not claimed", "source_refs": [ "REF-OALD-ABERRANT", "ABER-ZD-PIAN" ] } ], "mappings": [ { "mapping_id": "MAP-ERR-E-STAGE", "source": { "language": "English, Latin-derived family", "word": "ERR / ERROR", "pronunciation": "err: BrE /ɜː(r)/; AmE /er, ɝ/; error: /ˈerə(r), ˈerər/" }, "target": { "language": "Modern Mandarin", "word": "讹", "pronunciation": "é /ɤ˧˥/" }, "source_semantics": "make a mistake / error; not all WANDER senses", "target_sense": "差错、文字／记载讹误；非全部谣言、讹诈或古义", "status": "Candidate", "mapping_level": "C", "confidence": "Low", "historical_relation_status": "Not claimed", "phonetic_observation": { "observation_id": "PHON-ERR-E-001", "claim": { "en": "err ↔ 讹 is an accent-dependent partial resemblance, not homophony.", "zh-Hans": "err ↔ 讹 为受口音影响的部分音近，不是同音。" }, "status": "Candidate", "scope": "Modern English sound comparison within a historically identified family; no Latin–Old Chinese sound equation", "segments": { "onset": { "en": "Both are phonologically vowel-initial. Absence of an onset is common and not positive evidence of a consonant correspondence.", "zh-Hans": "均可分析为零声母／元音起首；无声母很常见，不是辅音规律对应的正证。" }, "vowel": { "en": "BrE /ɜː/ is a long central vowel; AmE /er/ has a front vowel and /r/, or /ɝ/ has rhotic colouring. Mandarin /ɤ/ is back and unrounded; spelling e does not equate these vowels.", "zh-Hans": "英式 /ɜː/ 为长央元音；美式 /er/ 为前元音加 /r/，另有卷舌 /ɝ/。普通话 /ɤ/ 为后不圆唇元音；字母 e 相似不等于元音相同。" }, "rhoticity": { "en": "Non-rhotic BrE err has no final /r/ before a pause, but may link /r/ before a vowel; rhotic accents retain /r/ or r-colouring. Mandarin é has neither.", "zh-Hans": "非 rhotic 英式 err 在停顿前无词尾 /r/，元音前可连读 /r/；rhotic 口音保留 /r/ 或卷舌色彩；普通话 é 均无。" }, "syllables": { "en": "err and é are monosyllabic. error is two syllables /ˈerə(r), ˈerər/; erreur /ɛ.ʁœʁ/ is two syllables with uvular rhotics and a rounded /œ/. Neither is a homophone of é; whole aberrant has three syllables.", "zh-Hans": "err、é 均单音节；error /ˈerə(r), ˈerər/ 为两音节；erreur /ɛ.ʁœʁ/ 为两音节，含小舌音及圆唇 /œ/。两者均非 é 的同音词；完整 aberrant 为三音节。" }, "tone": { "en": "Mandarin é has lexical rising tone /ɤ˧˥/; English stress and French phrase prosody do not match Mandarin tone.", "zh-Hans": "普通话 é 带阳平 /ɤ˧˥/；英语重音、法语短语韵律不对应普通话词汇声调。" } }, "rating": { "score": 10, "maximum": 30, "confidence": "Low", "method": "Editorial components: onset absence 1/10; vowel resemblance 4/8; rhotic/coda fit across accents 2/5; one-syllable shape 3/4; tone/prosody 0/3. No acoustic data. The whole error/erreur words receive no transferred err score." }, "limitations": { "en": "Featured 讹 é compares the ERR / ERROR family error sense, using modern English err for the sound test. It is not a translation of the whole adjective aberrant or a reconstruction of Latin pronunciation. Historical Relation: Not claimed.", "zh-Hans": "特色讹 é 对应 ERR / ERROR 词族的错误义阶段，声音检验采用现代英语 err。它不是整个形容词 aberrant 的标准翻译，也不是拉丁古音重构。Historical Relation: Not claimed。" }, "source_refs": [ "ABER-OALD-ERR", "ABER-OALD-ERROR", "REF-MW-ERR", "REF-CNRTL-ERREUR", "REF-ZDIC-E" ] }, "mapping_assessment": { "rubric": "Mapping Score v0.2; qualitative A/B/C/D at protocol/protocol.mapping-framework.html#evaluation", "method": "Unvalidated editorial assessment, not acoustic measurement or probability; scoped to err ↔ 讹 in the ERROR stage, not whole-word aberrant.", "dimensions": [ { "name": "Phonetic Relation", "weight": 30, "score": 10, "reason": "零声母和单音节有部分相似；元音、rhoticity、声调不同" }, { "name": "Semantic Relation", "weight": 30, "score": 22, "reason": "错误／讹误语义有交集；err 动作与讹的名词／语素用法不完全等价" }, { "name": "Structural / Cognitive Relation", "weight": 20, "score": 13, "reason": "偏离路径与偏离正确性可解释；非独立历史证据" }, { "name": "Contextual Validity", "weight": 20, "score": 8, "reason": "文字讹误语境较合适；不能替换所有 error，更不能替换 aberrant；无盲测" } ], "total": 53, "maximum": 100, "level": "C", "confidence": "Low", "rationale": { "en": "C — Experimental (testable, not experimentally validated); Phonetic-Semantic Candidate; Weak overall confidence. Scoped error semantics justify investigation; limited sound resemblance remains untested. Level follows relationship type, not a numerical threshold.", "zh-Hans": "C—Experimental（待实验验证）；语音语义候选；整体置信度 Low／Weak。限定错误义支持研究，部分音近未经实验；等级按关系性质判断，不由分数机械换算。" } }, "boundary": { "en": "Featured 讹 é compares the ERR / ERROR family error sense, using modern English err for the sound test. It is not a translation of the whole adjective aberrant or a reconstruction of Latin pronunciation. Historical Relation: Not claimed.", "zh-Hans": "特色讹 é 对应 ERR / ERROR 词族的错误义阶段，声音检验采用现代英语 err。它不是整个形容词 aberrant 的标准翻译，也不是拉丁古音重构。Historical Relation: Not claimed。" }, "source_refs": [ "ABER-OALD-ERR", "ABER-OALD-ERROR", "REF-MW-ERR", "REF-CNRTL-ERREUR", "REF-ZDIC-E" ] } ], "boundary": { "en": "Diachronic Stage Mapping Principle: map separately only where form, meaning or semantic operation changes materially, not one character per language. Each stage has its own evidence, status and confidence. Chinese historical relation remains Not claimed.", "zh-Hans": "历时阶段映射原则：仅在形式、意义或语义操作有实质变化时分阶段映射，不是每经过一种语言就配一个汉字；每阶段独立 evidence/status/confidence。汉语跨语言 Historical Relation 仍为 Not claimed。" } } } }