{ "id": "LB-en-generate-014", "slug": "generate", "title": { "en": "GENERATE · 产生／生成", "zh-Hans": "GENERATE · 产生／生成" }, "languages": [ { "role": "source", "code": "en", "name": "English", "word": "generate", "pronunciation": "/ˈdʒenəreɪt/", "part_of_speech": "verb · 动词" }, { "role": "historically-related-or-compared-form", "code": "fr", "name": "French", "word": "générer", "pronunciation": "not recorded" }, { "role": "standard-translation", "code": "zh-Hans", "name": "Chinese", "word": "产生／生成", "pronunciation": "chǎnshēng / shēngchéng" } ], "primary_mapping": { "mapping_id": "MAP-generate-modern-standard", "source": { "language": "English", "word": "generate", "pronunciation": "/ˈdʒenəreɪt/" }, "target": { "language": "Chinese", "word": "产生／生成", "pronunciation": "chǎnshēng / shēngchéng" }, "gloss": { "en": "to bring into existence or produce", "zh-Hans": "使某物产生、生成或出现" }, "meaning": { "en": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。", "zh-Hans": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。" }, "mapping_type": "Standard / Modern Semantic Mapping", "rationale": { "en": "Standard semantic mapping; Featured is independently selected.", "zh-Hans": "Standard semantic mapping; Featured is independently selected." } }, "entry_status": "Reviewed", "mapping_status": "Reviewed", "mapping_level": "Unrated", "historical_relation_status": "Not claimed", "evidence": { "Historical": { "status": "Established", "confidence": "High", "summary": { "en": "Generate is from Latin generare, based on gener-/genus ‘descent, birth’; generation is a genuine derivative. This is a documented Indo-European word family, but no historical link to Chinese 干 or 根 is claimed.", "zh-Hans": "generate 源自拉丁语 generare，基于 gener-／genus“世系、出生”；generation 是真实派生词。该印欧词族有文献依据，但不主张它与汉语“干”或“根”历史同源。" }, "items": [ { "evidence_id": "HIST-GENERATE-001", "claim": { "en": "Generate is from Latin generare, based on gener-/genus ‘descent, birth’; generation is a genuine derivative. This is a documented Indo-European word family, but no historical link to Chinese 干 or 根 is claimed.", "zh-Hans": "generate 源自拉丁语 generare，基于 gener-／genus“世系、出生”；generation 是真实派生词。该印欧词族有文献依据，但不主张它与汉语“干”或“根”历史同源。" }, "status": "Established", "confidence": "High", "source_refs": [ "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] }, { "evidence_id": "HIST-GENERATE-CORRECTION-002", "claim": { "en": "Modern resemblance does not establish generate ← 根/干 or a shared historical root.", "zh-Hans": "现代音义近似不能证明 generate 源自“根／干”或共享历史词根。" }, "status": "Established", "confidence": "High", "source_refs": [ "REF-JL-GENERATE-RAW", "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] }, "Phonetic-Semantic": { "status": "Interpretive", "confidence": "Low", "summary": { "en": "gen- and 根 gēn share a rough modern syllabic resemblance and ORIGIN/ROOT semantic overlap; 干 gàn/gān has broader, sense-dependent meanings and weaker overlap.", "zh-Hans": "gen- 与“根”gēn 有有限现代音近，并在 ORIGIN／ROOT 上有语义交集；“干”gàn／gān 义项繁多，重合较弱。" }, "items": [ { "evidence_id": "PHONSEM-GENERATE-001", "claim": { "en": "gen- and 根 gēn share a rough modern syllabic resemblance and ORIGIN/ROOT semantic overlap; 干 gàn/gān has broader, sense-dependent meanings and weaker overlap.", "zh-Hans": "gen- 与“根”gēn 有有限现代音近，并在 ORIGIN／ROOT 上有语义交集；“干”gàn／gān 义项繁多，重合较弱。" }, "status": "Interpretive", "confidence": "Low", "source_refs": [ "REF-JL-GENERATE-RAW", "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "REF-JL-GENERATE-RAW", "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] }, "Cognitive": { "status": "Interpretive", "confidence": "Medium", "summary": { "en": "PRODUCE/BIRTH → ORIGIN → ROOT is a useful mnemonic-semantic chain.", "zh-Hans": "PRODUCE／BIRTH → ORIGIN → ROOT 可作为记忆与语义链。" }, "items": [ { "evidence_id": "COG-GENERATE-001", "claim": { "en": "PRODUCE/BIRTH → ORIGIN → ROOT is a useful mnemonic-semantic chain.", "zh-Hans": "PRODUCE／BIRTH → ORIGIN → ROOT 可作为记忆与语义链。" }, "status": "Interpretive", "confidence": "Medium", "source_refs": [ "REF-JL-GENERATE-RAW" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "REF-JL-GENERATE-RAW" ] }, "Speculative": { "status": "Unestablished", "confidence": "Low", "summary": { "en": "Modern resemblance does not establish generate ← 根/干 or a shared historical root.", "zh-Hans": "现代音义近似不能证明 generate 源自“根／干”或共享历史词根。" }, "items": [ { "evidence_id": "SPEC-GENERATE-001", "claim": { "en": "Modern resemblance does not establish generate ← 根/干 or a shared historical root.", "zh-Hans": "现代音义近似不能证明 generate 源自“根／干”或共享历史词根。" }, "status": "Unestablished", "confidence": "High", "source_refs": [ "REF-JL-GENERATE-RAW", "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "REF-JL-GENERATE-RAW", "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] } }, "phonetic_observation": [ { "observation_id": "PHON-GENERATE-001", "claim": { "en": "Research archive / superseded observation: gen- and 根 gēn share a rough modern syllabic resemblance and ORIGIN/ROOT semantic overlap; 干 gàn/gān has broader, sense-dependent meanings and weaker overlap.", "zh-Hans": "Research archive / superseded observation: gen- 与“根”gēn 有有限现代音近，并在 ORIGIN／ROOT 上有语义交集；“干”gàn／gān 义项繁多，重合较弱。" }, "status": "Candidate", "limitations": { "en": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。 Modern spelling or sound resemblance is not a regular sound correspondence and does not prove cognacy.", "zh-Hans": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。 现代拼写或声音近似不是规律音变，也不能证明同源。" } } ], "semantic_structure": { "concepts": [ "CREATE", "PRODUCE", "BIRTH", "ORIGIN", "ROOT" ], "relation": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。", "status": "Candidate / scoped comparison; legacy observations in Research" }, "related_words": [ { "word": "generation", "language": "English", "relationship_type": "Etymological derivative", "family": "Latin generare / generatio", "relation_to_entry": { "en": "Documented historical relation within the stated family.", "zh-Hans": "在所列词族内有文献支持的历史关系。" }, "status": "Established", "source_refs": [ "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] }, { "word": "genus", "language": "Latin/English", "relationship_type": "Historical family", "family": "Latin genus / gener-", "relation_to_entry": { "en": "Documented historical relation within the stated family.", "zh-Hans": "在所列词族内有文献支持的历史关系。" }, "status": "Established", "source_refs": [ "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] }, { "word": "根 gēn", "language": "Chinese", "relationship_type": "Phonetic-semantic candidate", "family": "independent Sinitic history", "relation_to_entry": { "en": "Comparison or association only; not a historical derivation.", "zh-Hans": "仅作比较或联想；不是历史派生关系。" }, "status": "Interpretive", "source_refs": [ "REF-JL-GENERATE-RAW", "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] }, { "word": "干 gān/gàn", "language": "Chinese", "relationship_type": "Surface phonetic candidate", "family": "independent Sinitic history", "relation_to_entry": { "en": "Comparison or association only; not a historical derivation.", "zh-Hans": "仅作比较或联想；不是历史派生关系。" }, "status": "Interpretive", "source_refs": [ "REF-JL-GENERATE-RAW", "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] } ], "semantic_associations": [ { "association_id": "ASSOC-GENERATE-001", "relation": "CREATE → PRODUCE → BIRTH → ORIGIN → ROOT", "status": "Interpretive", "is_etymological": false } ], "hypotheses": [ { "hypothesis_id": "UNI-GENERATE-001", "type": "Original author phonetic-semantic / consonantal-skeleton hypothesis", "claim": { "en": "Research archive / superseded observation: The author's comparison around 干 gan，gun、gin，gen，generate; generate ↔ 干 gan / 根 gen; 辅音不变规则同样适用于词根的意义; may support a mnemonic or semantic association without establishing common origin.", "zh-Hans": "Research archive / superseded observation: 作者观察“干 gan，gun、gin，gen，generate。generate ↔ 干 gan / 根 gen。辅音不变规则同样适用于词根的意义。”可作为记忆或语义联想，但不建立共同来源。" }, "status": "Unestablished", "confidence": "Low", "supporting_cases": [ "generate", "generation", "gen", "genus", "产生" ], "counterexamples": [ "Modern resemblance does not establish generate ← 根/干 or a shared historical root.", "No regular cross-language sound correspondence has been demonstrated." ], "testability": { "en": "Test sound similarity and semantic fit separately with blinded ratings, explicit negative controls and historical-source review.", "zh-Hans": "用盲法评分、明确负对照与独立词源核验分别检验声音相似度和语义适配。" }, "experiment_link": null, "source_refs": [ "REF-JL-GENERATE-RAW", "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] } ], "counterevidence": [ { "counterevidence_id": "COUNTER-GENERATE-001", "statement": { "en": "Modern resemblance does not establish generate ← 根/干 or a shared historical root.", "zh-Hans": "现代音义近似不能证明 generate 源自“根／干”或共享历史词根。" }, "confidence": "High", "source_refs": [ "REF-JL-GENERATE-RAW", "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] } ], "experiments": [], "literary_layer": { "status": "Not present", "is_historical_evidence": false, "proposition": { "en": "PRODUCE/BIRTH → ORIGIN → ROOT is a useful mnemonic-semantic chain.", "zh-Hans": "PRODUCE／BIRTH → ORIGIN → ROOT 可作为记忆与语义链。" }, "essay_prose": [], "poem_lyrics": [], "translations": [], "archival_manuscript_media": [], "evidence_boundary": { "en": "This cognitive proposition may be developed literarily, but it is not historical evidence.", "zh-Hans": "该认知命题可作文学展开，但不是历史证据。" } }, "media": [], "references": [ { "reference_id": "REF-JL-GENERATE-RAW", "title": "Jinkai Liu: generate source/raw research note", "type": "author research note", "url": null, "path": null, "provenance": "author-provided in conversation; preserved independently from evaluation" }, { "reference_id": "REF-MW-GENERATE", "title": "Merriam-Webster Dictionary: generate", "type": "dictionary", "url": "https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/generate", "path": null, "provenance": "external lexicographic reference; accessed 2026-09-01" }, { "reference_id": "REF-MW-GENERATION", "title": "Merriam-Webster Dictionary: generation", "type": "dictionary", "url": "https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/generation", "path": null, "provenance": "external lexicographic reference; accessed 2026-09-01" }, { "reference_id": "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-01", "title": "Approved Freeze source · indoeurop.html", "type": "Scoped Discovery / Freeze evidence", "url": "https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/indoeurop.html", "path": null, "provenance": "Inherited approved 2026-09-20 research; digital Chinese entries mediated/online. Mainland print edition, page and full quotation Pending." }, { "reference_id": "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-02", "title": "Approved Freeze source · search.html?q=generate", "type": "Scoped Discovery / Freeze evidence", "url": "https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=generate", "path": null, "provenance": "Inherited approved 2026-09-20 research; digital Chinese entries mediated/online. Mainland print edition, page and full quotation Pending." }, { "reference_id": "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-03", "title": "Approved Freeze source · generate", "type": "Scoped Discovery / Freeze evidence", "url": "https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/generate", "path": null, "provenance": "Inherited approved 2026-09-20 research; digital Chinese entries mediated/online. Mainland print edition, page and full quotation Pending." }, { "reference_id": "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-04", "title": "Approved Freeze source · 生", "type": "Scoped Discovery / Freeze evidence", "url": "https://www.zdic.net/hans/生", "path": null, "provenance": "Inherited approved 2026-09-20 research; digital Chinese entries mediated/online. Mainland print edition, page and full quotation Pending." }, { "reference_id": "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-05", "title": "Approved Freeze source · 产", "type": "Scoped Discovery / Freeze evidence", "url": "https://www.zdic.net/hans/产", "path": null, "provenance": "Inherited approved 2026-09-20 research; digital Chinese entries mediated/online. Mainland print edition, page and full quotation Pending." }, { "reference_id": "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-06", "title": "Approved Freeze source · 育", "type": "Scoped Discovery / Freeze evidence", "url": "https://www.zdic.net/hans/育", "path": null, "provenance": "Inherited approved 2026-09-20 research; digital Chinese entries mediated/online. Mainland print edition, page and full quotation Pending." }, { "reference_id": "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-07", "title": "Approved Freeze source · 根", "type": "Scoped Discovery / Freeze evidence", "url": "https://www.zdic.net/hans/根", "path": null, "provenance": "Inherited approved 2026-09-20 research; digital Chinese entries mediated/online. Mainland print edition, page and full quotation Pending." }, { "reference_id": "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-08", "title": "Approved Freeze source · 干", "type": "Scoped Discovery / Freeze evidence", "url": "https://www.zdic.net/hans/干", "path": null, "provenance": "Inherited approved 2026-09-20 research; digital Chinese entries mediated/online. Mainland print edition, page and full quotation Pending." }, { "reference_id": "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-09", "title": "Approved Freeze source · 跟", "type": "Scoped Discovery / Freeze evidence", "url": "https://www.zdic.net/hans/跟", "path": null, "provenance": "Inherited approved 2026-09-20 research; digital Chinese entries mediated/online. Mainland print edition, page and full quotation Pending." }, { "reference_id": "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-10", "title": "Approved Freeze source · 滚", "type": "Scoped Discovery / Freeze evidence", "url": "https://www.zdic.net/hans/滚", "path": null, "provenance": "Inherited approved 2026-09-20 research; digital Chinese entries mediated/online. Mainland print edition, page and full quotation Pending." }, { "reference_id": "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-11", "title": "Approved Freeze source · 种", "type": "Scoped Discovery / Freeze evidence", "url": "https://www.zdic.net/hans/种", "path": null, "provenance": "Inherited approved 2026-09-20 research; digital Chinese entries mediated/online. Mainland print edition, page and full quotation Pending." } ], "author": "Jinkai Liu", "version": "Dataset Expansion Batch 001 / Schema v1.0", "dates": { "created": "2026-09-01", "modified": "2026-09-01", "published": null }, "editorial_notes": [ { "en": "Batch disposition: Reviewed. Priority score 90/100 is editorial triage, not a scientific measurement.", "zh-Hans": "批次归类：Reviewed。优先分 90/100 仅用于编辑分流，不是科学测量。" }, { "en": "Modern resemblance does not establish generate ← 根/干 or a shared historical root.", "zh-Hans": "现代音义近似不能证明 generate 源自“根／干”或共享历史词根。" }, { "en": "Current selection is governed by diachronic_semantic_mapping; legacy hypotheses are Research only. Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。", "zh-Hans": "Current selection is governed by diachronic_semantic_mapping; legacy hypotheses are Research only. Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。" } ], "search_terms": [ "generate", "generation", "gen", "genus", "产生", "生成", "根", "根源", "干", "gan", "root", "générer", "create", "produce", "产生／生成", "生", "产" ], "page": "words/generate.html", "legacy": null, "source": { "type": "author-provided raw research note", "author": "Jinkai Liu", "status": "Preserved; claims independently classified above", "normalization": "Spelling and punctuation normalized only in evaluated fields; raw note retained verbatim here.", "raw_note": "干 gan，gun、gin，gen，generate。generate ↔ 干 gan / 根 gen。辅音不变规则同样适用于词根的意义。" }, "batch": { "batch_id": "DATASET-EXPANSION-BATCH-001", "ordinal": 1, "disposition": "Reviewed", "priority_score": 90 }, "standard_translation": { "source": "generate", "target": "产生／生成", "status": "Supported", "is_featured_mapping": false, "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-01", "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-02", "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-02", "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-03" ] }, "modern_standard_semantic_mapping": { "mapping_id": "MAP-generate-modern-standard", "source": { "language": "English", "word": "generate", "pronunciation": "/ˈdʒenəreɪt/" }, "target": { "language": "Chinese", "word": "产生／生成", "pronunciation": "chǎnshēng / shēngchéng" }, "gloss": { "en": "to bring into existence or produce", "zh-Hans": "使某物产生、生成或出现" }, "meaning": { "en": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。", "zh-Hans": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。" }, "mapping_type": "Standard / Modern Semantic Mapping", "rationale": { "en": "Standard semantic mapping; Featured is independently selected.", "zh-Hans": "Standard semantic mapping; Featured is independently selected." } }, "diachronic_semantic_mapping": { "model_version": "0.1", "historical_stages": [ { "stage_id": "G1", "form": "genus, gener-", "variants": [], "unit_kind": "lemma", "language": { "name": "Latin", "code": null }, "period": { "label": "古典拉丁语层，精确首见未核", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "language_period", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-02" ] }, "attestation_status": "attested", "meaning": { "gloss": "birth/descent; family/kind", "pos": null, "constraints": [] }, "pronunciations": [], "relations": [], "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-02" ], "evidence_status": "mediated", "mapping_selection": "selected", "selection_note": "generāre 的派生基础；KIND 不是 generate 后起阶段" }, { "stage_id": "G2", "form": "generāre / generāt-", "variants": [], "unit_kind": "lemma", "language": { "name": "Latin", "code": null }, "period": { "label": "古典拉丁语层", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "language_period", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-02" ] }, "attestation_status": "attested", "meaning": { "gloss": "BEGET / PRODUCE", "pos": null, "constraints": [] }, "pronunciations": [], "relations": [ { "from_stage_ref": "G1", "relation_type": "derivation", "semantic_operation": { "type": "derivation", "description": "动词及分词词干是相关形态，不拆成互相独立发现", "status": "supported" }, "status": "supported", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-02" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-02" ], "evidence_status": "mediated", "mapping_selection": "selected", "selection_note": "动词及分词词干是相关形态，不拆成互相独立发现" }, { "stage_id": "G3", "form": "generate", "variants": [], "unit_kind": "lemma", "language": { "name": "English", "code": null }, "period": { "label": "1509起所核英语记录；现代层", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "language_period", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-03" ] }, "attestation_status": "attested", "meaning": { "gloss": "使产生、生成；生育义仍存在", "pos": null, "constraints": [] }, "pronunciations": [ { "pronunciation_id": "PR-G3", "value": "/ˈdʒenəreɪt/", "notation": "IPA", "phonological_layer": "Modern English", "period": { "label": "Modern reference; exact documentation date not inferred", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "variety": "Modern English", "system": "Existing entry transcription; see original scoped assessment", "status": "documented", "source_refs": [ "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] } ], "relations": [ { "from_stage_ref": "G2", "relation_type": "borrowing", "semantic_operation": { "type": "borrowing", "description": "把生育与广义产生并列；不捏造唯一语义年表", "status": "supported" }, "status": "supported", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-03" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-03" ], "evidence_status": "mediated", "mapping_selection": "selected", "selection_note": "把生育与广义产生并列；不捏造唯一语义年表" } ], "mappings": [ { "stage_mapping_id": "SM-G1", "stage_ref": "G1", "selection_reasons": [ "explanatory_value" ], "freeze": { "version": "0.1", "meaning_note": "birth/descent; family/kind", "excluded_senses": [ "No transfer of a different stage’s meaning or pronunciation" ], "status": "editor_reviewed" }, "search": { "status": "pending", "scope": { "lexical_layers": [ "Modern Mandarin" ], "phonological_layers": [ "Existing documented reference pronunciations only" ], "semantic_seeds": [ "birth/descent; family/kind" ], "consonant_hypotheses": [], "note": "Bounded migration of existing candidate inventory; not a new Discovery Work search." }, "run_refs": [], "stop_reason": "Existing review retained. No forced Chinese winner; unresolved evidence remains Pending." }, "candidates": [ { "candidate_id": "TC3-GENERATE-04", "family_key": "legacy-generate", "target": { "form": "根", "lexical_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "language_variety": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "meaning": { "gloss": "植物根；事物来源、根本", "pos": null, "constraints": [ "genus=出身/族类不是植物根；名词来源不等于生产动作" ] }, "pronunciations": [ { "pronunciation_id": "ZH-TC3-GENERATE-04", "value": "gēn", "notation": "pinyin", "phonological_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "Modern reference; exact documentation date not inferred", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "variety": "Modern Mandarin", "system": "Existing entry transcription; see original scoped assessment", "status": "documented", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-07" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-07" ] }, "comparison": { "source_stage_ref": "G1", "source_pronunciation_ref": null, "target_pronunciation_ref": "ZH-TC3-GENERATE-04", "source_span": "genus, gener-", "scope": "semantic_only", "hypothesis": { "group": null, "hit": false, "position": "legacy g-k-h proposal applies only after source sound layer is fixed", "version": "Protocol v0.2: candidate generation only, not evidence score" } }, "role": "candidate", "decision": "rejected", "semantic_fit": { "fit": "mismatch", "confidence": "Medium", "rationale": "Low–Medium cognitive origin; Low BEGET action", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-02", "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-07" ] }, "phonetic_fit": { "fit": "not_evaluated", "confidence": "Unknown", "rationale": "Historical pronunciation not_evaluated; modern reference Low. Low versus modern /dʒen/：gēn=[kən]，字母 g 不等于英语 /dʒ/；Latin 历史全音值 Pending", "features": { "onset": "Low versus modern /dʒen/：gēn=[kən]，字母 g 不等于英语 /dʒ/；Latin 历史全音值 Pending", "vowel": "Low versus modern /dʒen/：gēn=[kən]，字母 g 不等于英语 /dʒ/；Latin 历史全音值 Pending", "coda_other_consonants": "Low versus modern /dʒen/：gēn=[kən]，字母 g 不等于英语 /dʒ/；Latin 历史全音值 Pending", "syllables": "Low versus modern /dʒen/：gēn=[kən]，字母 g 不等于英语 /dʒ/；Latin 历史全音值 Pending", "prosody": "Low versus modern /dʒen/：gēn=[kən]，字母 g 不等于英语 /dʒ/；Latin 历史全音值 Pending" }, "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-07" ] }, "evidence": [ { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "mediated", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-07" ], "locator": null, "note": "Approved online / mediated concrete sense; no upgrade during migration." }, { "claim_scope": "comparison_inference", "status": "lead", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-07" ], "locator": null, "note": "Editorial comparison; previous qualitative levels and unvalidated component scores remain in original Research fields." }, { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "pending", "source_refs": [], "locator": null, "note": "Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码" } ], "historical_relation": { "status": "Not claimed", "source_refs": [], "review_note": "No independent cross-language historical evidence introduced." }, "confounds": [ "genus=出身/族类不是植物根；名词来源不等于生产动作", "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。" ], "discovery_priority": "none", "decision_reason": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。 Retain limited", "review": { "status": "reviewed", "reviewer": "Jinkai Liu", "date": "2026-09-20", "note": "Approved Tier C Batch 3 Freeze. Migration only; no new Discovery or evidence upgrade." } }, { "candidate_id": "TC3-GENERATE-08", "family_key": "legacy-generate", "target": { "form": "种", "lexical_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "language_variety": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "meaning": { "gloss": "种类、族类；取名词，非 zhòng 种植", "pos": null, "constraints": [ "不是 generate 整词译法；生物分类 rank species 也不等于 genus rank" ] }, "pronunciations": [ { "pronunciation_id": "ZH-TC3-GENERATE-08", "value": "zhǒng", "notation": "pinyin", "phonological_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "Modern reference; exact documentation date not inferred", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "variety": "Modern Mandarin", "system": "Existing entry transcription; see original scoped assessment", "status": "documented", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-11" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-11" ] }, "comparison": { "source_stage_ref": "G1", "source_pronunciation_ref": null, "target_pronunciation_ref": "ZH-TC3-GENERATE-08", "source_span": "genus, gener-", "scope": "semantic_only", "hypothesis": { "group": null, "hit": false, "position": "none", "version": "Protocol v0.2: candidate generation only, not evidence score" } }, "role": "meaning_control", "decision": "reserved", "semantic_fit": { "fit": "direct", "confidence": "Medium", "rationale": "High for genus KIND only", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-02", "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-11" ] }, "phonetic_fit": { "fit": "not_evaluated", "confidence": "Unknown", "rationale": "Historical pronunciation not_evaluated; modern reference Low. Low；不能用它拼成现代 generate 的声音证据", "features": { "onset": "Low；不能用它拼成现代 generate 的声音证据", "vowel": "Low；不能用它拼成现代 generate 的声音证据", "coda_other_consonants": "Low；不能用它拼成现代 generate 的声音证据", "syllables": "Low；不能用它拼成现代 generate 的声音证据", "prosody": "Low；不能用它拼成现代 generate 的声音证据" }, "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-11" ] }, "evidence": [ { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "mediated", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-11" ], "locator": null, "note": "Approved online / mediated concrete sense; no upgrade during migration." }, { "claim_scope": "comparison_inference", "status": "lead", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-11" ], "locator": null, "note": "Editorial comparison; previous qualitative levels and unvalidated component scores remain in original Research fields." }, { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "pending", "source_refs": [], "locator": null, "note": "Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码" } ], "historical_relation": { "status": "Not claimed", "source_refs": [], "review_note": "No independent cross-language historical evidence introduced." }, "confounds": [ "不是 generate 整词译法；生物分类 rank species 也不等于 genus rank", "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。" ], "discovery_priority": "none", "decision_reason": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。 Semantic control", "review": { "status": "reviewed", "reviewer": "Jinkai Liu", "date": "2026-09-20", "note": "Approved Tier C Batch 3 Freeze. Migration only; no new Discovery or evidence upgrade." } } ], "review": { "status": "reviewed", "reviewer": "Jinkai Liu", "date": "2026-09-20", "note": "Approved Tier C Batch 3 Freeze. Migration only; no new Discovery or evidence upgrade." } }, { "stage_mapping_id": "SM-G2", "stage_ref": "G2", "selection_reasons": [ "explanatory_value" ], "freeze": { "version": "0.1", "meaning_note": "BEGET / PRODUCE", "excluded_senses": [ "No transfer of a different stage’s meaning or pronunciation" ], "status": "editor_reviewed" }, "search": { "status": "candidates_recorded", "scope": { "lexical_layers": [ "Modern Mandarin" ], "phonological_layers": [ "Existing documented reference pronunciations only" ], "semantic_seeds": [ "BEGET / PRODUCE" ], "consonant_hypotheses": [], "note": "Bounded migration of existing candidate inventory; not a new Discovery Work search." }, "run_refs": [], "stop_reason": "Existing review retained. No forced Chinese winner; unresolved evidence remains Pending." }, "candidates": [ { "candidate_id": "TC3-GENERATE-01", "family_key": "legacy-generate", "target": { "form": "生", "lexical_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "language_variety": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "现代；古生育/产生义在线材料，具体时序待核", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "meaning": { "gloss": "出生、生育；产生、发生", "pos": null, "constraints": [ "不是所有生义都适用；同一字多义不是已完成的词义演变年表" ] }, "pronunciations": [ { "pronunciation_id": "ZH-TC3-GENERATE-01", "value": "shēng", "notation": "pinyin", "phonological_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "Modern reference; exact documentation date not inferred", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "variety": "Modern Mandarin", "system": "Existing entry transcription; see original scoped assessment", "status": "documented", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-04" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-04" ] }, "comparison": { "source_stage_ref": "G2", "source_pronunciation_ref": null, "target_pronunciation_ref": "ZH-TC3-GENERATE-01", "source_span": "generāre / generāt-", "scope": "semantic_only", "hypothesis": { "group": null, "hit": false, "position": "none；sh 不机械等同 z-c-s", "version": "Protocol v0.2: candidate generation only, not evidence score" } }, "role": "candidate", "decision": "shortlisted", "semantic_fit": { "fit": "direct", "confidence": "Medium", "rationale": "High；需逐句区分及物生出与不及物发生", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-02", "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-04" ] }, "phonetic_fit": { "fit": "not_evaluated", "confidence": "Unknown", "rationale": "Historical pronunciation not_evaluated; modern reference Low. Low：/ʂəŋ/ 对现代 /dʒen/ 的部位、韵尾不同；全词更远", "features": { "onset": "Low：/ʂəŋ/ 对现代 /dʒen/ 的部位、韵尾不同；全词更远", "vowel": "Low：/ʂəŋ/ 对现代 /dʒen/ 的部位、韵尾不同；全词更远", "coda_other_consonants": "Low：/ʂəŋ/ 对现代 /dʒen/ 的部位、韵尾不同；全词更远", "syllables": "Low：/ʂəŋ/ 对现代 /dʒen/ 的部位、韵尾不同；全词更远", "prosody": "Low：/ʂəŋ/ 对现代 /dʒen/ 的部位、韵尾不同；全词更远" }, "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-04" ] }, "evidence": [ { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "mediated", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-04" ], "locator": null, "note": "Approved online / mediated concrete sense; no upgrade during migration." }, { "claim_scope": "comparison_inference", "status": "lead", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-04" ], "locator": null, "note": "Editorial comparison; previous qualitative levels and unvalidated component scores remain in original Research fields." }, { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "pending", "source_refs": [], "locator": null, "note": "Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码" } ], "historical_relation": { "status": "Not claimed", "source_refs": [], "review_note": "No independent cross-language historical evidence introduced." }, "confounds": [ "不是所有生义都适用；同一字多义不是已完成的词义演变年表", "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。" ], "discovery_priority": "medium", "decision_reason": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。 Shortlist", "review": { "status": "reviewed", "reviewer": "Jinkai Liu", "date": "2026-09-20", "note": "Approved Tier C Batch 3 Freeze. Migration only; no new Discovery or evidence upgrade." } }, { "candidate_id": "TC3-GENERATE-03", "family_key": "legacy-generate", "target": { "form": "育", "lexical_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "language_variety": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "meaning": { "gloss": "生养；限生育，不含教育的一切义", "pos": null, "constraints": [ "培养已经存在的对象不等于使其产生；教育义排除" ] }, "pronunciations": [ { "pronunciation_id": "ZH-TC3-GENERATE-03", "value": "yù", "notation": "pinyin", "phonological_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "Modern reference; exact documentation date not inferred", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "variety": "Modern Mandarin", "system": "Existing entry transcription; see original scoped assessment", "status": "documented", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-06" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-06" ] }, "comparison": { "source_stage_ref": "G2", "source_pronunciation_ref": null, "target_pronunciation_ref": "ZH-TC3-GENERATE-03", "source_span": "generāre / generāt-", "scope": "semantic_only", "hypothesis": { "group": null, "hit": false, "position": "none", "version": "Protocol v0.2: candidate generation only, not evidence score" } }, "role": "candidate", "decision": "reserved", "semantic_fit": { "fit": "direct", "confidence": "Medium", "rationale": "High for procreate; Medium/Low for all produce", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-02", "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-06" ] }, "phonetic_fit": { "fit": "not_evaluated", "confidence": "Unknown", "rationale": "Historical pronunciation not_evaluated; modern reference Low. Low：无匹配节段", "features": { "onset": "Low：无匹配节段", "vowel": "Low：无匹配节段", "coda_other_consonants": "Low：无匹配节段", "syllables": "Low：无匹配节段", "prosody": "Low：无匹配节段" }, "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-06" ] }, "evidence": [ { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "mediated", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-06" ], "locator": null, "note": "Approved online / mediated concrete sense; no upgrade during migration." }, { "claim_scope": "comparison_inference", "status": "lead", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-06" ], "locator": null, "note": "Editorial comparison; previous qualitative levels and unvalidated component scores remain in original Research fields." }, { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "pending", "source_refs": [], "locator": null, "note": "Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码" } ], "historical_relation": { "status": "Not claimed", "source_refs": [], "review_note": "No independent cross-language historical evidence introduced." }, "confounds": [ "培养已经存在的对象不等于使其产生；教育义排除", "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。" ], "discovery_priority": "medium", "decision_reason": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。 Retain limited", "review": { "status": "reviewed", "reviewer": "Jinkai Liu", "date": "2026-09-20", "note": "Approved Tier C Batch 3 Freeze. Migration only; no new Discovery or evidence upgrade." } } ], "review": { "status": "reviewed", "reviewer": "Jinkai Liu", "date": "2026-09-20", "note": "Approved Tier C Batch 3 Freeze. Migration only; no new Discovery or evidence upgrade." } }, { "stage_mapping_id": "SM-G3", "stage_ref": "G3", "selection_reasons": [ "explanatory_value", "phonetic_form_value" ], "freeze": { "version": "0.1", "meaning_note": "使产生、生成；生育义仍存在", "excluded_senses": [ "No transfer of a different stage’s meaning or pronunciation" ], "status": "editor_reviewed" }, "search": { "status": "candidates_recorded", "scope": { "lexical_layers": [ "Modern Mandarin" ], "phonological_layers": [ "Existing documented reference pronunciations only" ], "semantic_seeds": [ "使产生、生成；生育义仍存在" ], "consonant_hypotheses": [], "note": "Bounded migration of existing candidate inventory; not a new Discovery Work search." }, "run_refs": [], "stop_reason": "Existing review retained. No forced Chinese winner; unresolved evidence remains Pending." }, "candidates": [ { "candidate_id": "TC3-GENERATE-02", "family_key": "legacy-generate", "target": { "form": "产", "lexical_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "language_variety": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "meaning": { "gloss": "生子、生产、产生", "pos": null, "constraints": [ "身体生育与抽象产生的扩展有研究价值，但首次年代未核" ] }, "pronunciations": [ { "pronunciation_id": "ZH-TC3-GENERATE-02", "value": "chǎn", "notation": "pinyin", "phonological_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "Modern reference; exact documentation date not inferred", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "variety": "Modern Mandarin", "system": "Existing entry transcription; see original scoped assessment", "status": "documented", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-05" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-05" ] }, "comparison": { "source_stage_ref": "G3", "source_pronunciation_ref": "PR-G3", "target_pronunciation_ref": "ZH-TC3-GENERATE-02", "source_span": "generate", "scope": "semantic_only", "hypothesis": { "group": null, "hit": false, "position": "none；ch 不擅自并入 z-c-s", "version": "Protocol v0.2: candidate generation only, not evidence score" } }, "role": "candidate", "decision": "shortlisted", "semantic_fit": { "fit": "direct", "confidence": "Medium", "rationale": "High for BEGET/PRODUCE", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-03", "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-05" ] }, "phonetic_fit": { "fit": "weak", "confidence": "Low", "rationale": "Low whole word; /ʈʂʰan/ 对 /dʒen/ 仅塞擦音和 n 特征有限，清浊送气元音异", "features": { "onset": "Low whole word; /ʈʂʰan/ 对 /dʒen/ 仅塞擦音和 n 特征有限，清浊送气元音异", "vowel": "Low whole word; /ʈʂʰan/ 对 /dʒen/ 仅塞擦音和 n 特征有限，清浊送气元音异", "coda_other_consonants": "Low whole word; /ʈʂʰan/ 对 /dʒen/ 仅塞擦音和 n 特征有限，清浊送气元音异", "syllables": "Low whole word; /ʈʂʰan/ 对 /dʒen/ 仅塞擦音和 n 特征有限，清浊送气元音异", "prosody": "Low whole word; /ʈʂʰan/ 对 /dʒen/ 仅塞擦音和 n 特征有限，清浊送气元音异" }, "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-05" ] }, "evidence": [ { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "mediated", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-05" ], "locator": null, "note": "Approved online / mediated concrete sense; no upgrade during migration." }, { "claim_scope": "comparison_inference", "status": "lead", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-05" ], "locator": null, "note": "Editorial comparison; previous qualitative levels and unvalidated component scores remain in original Research fields." }, { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "pending", "source_refs": [], "locator": null, "note": "Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码" } ], "historical_relation": { "status": "Not claimed", "source_refs": [], "review_note": "No independent cross-language historical evidence introduced." }, "confounds": [ "身体生育与抽象产生的扩展有研究价值，但首次年代未核", "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。" ], "discovery_priority": "medium", "decision_reason": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。 Shortlist", "review": { "status": "reviewed", "reviewer": "Jinkai Liu", "date": "2026-09-20", "note": "Approved Tier C Batch 3 Freeze. Migration only; no new Discovery or evidence upgrade." } }, { "candidate_id": "TC3-GENERATE-05", "family_key": "legacy-generate", "target": { "form": "干", "lexical_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "language_variety": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "meaning": { "gloss": "幹：做、从事某事；不采用 gān 乾燥", "pos": null, "constraints": [ "旧 gan 未定调和义；乾/干/幹不能混为一个历史语义系统" ] }, "pronunciations": [ { "pronunciation_id": "ZH-TC3-GENERATE-05", "value": "gàn", "notation": "pinyin", "phonological_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "Modern reference; exact documentation date not inferred", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "variety": "Modern Mandarin", "system": "Existing entry transcription; see original scoped assessment", "status": "documented", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-08" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-08" ] }, "comparison": { "source_stage_ref": "G3", "source_pronunciation_ref": "PR-G3", "target_pronunciation_ref": "ZH-TC3-GENERATE-05", "source_span": "generate", "scope": "semantic_only", "hypothesis": { "group": null, "hit": false, "position": "拼音 g 不是 English generate 的音系 g", "version": "Protocol v0.2: candidate generation only, not evidence score" } }, "role": "candidate", "decision": "rejected", "semantic_fit": { "fit": "mismatch", "confidence": "Medium", "rationale": "Low：做事未必产生对象", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-03", "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-08" ] }, "phonetic_fit": { "fit": "weak", "confidence": "Low", "rationale": "Low：/kan/ 与 /dʒen/ 声母元音不同，余部缺失", "features": { "onset": "Low：/kan/ 与 /dʒen/ 声母元音不同，余部缺失", "vowel": "Low：/kan/ 与 /dʒen/ 声母元音不同，余部缺失", "coda_other_consonants": "Low：/kan/ 与 /dʒen/ 声母元音不同，余部缺失", "syllables": "Low：/kan/ 与 /dʒen/ 声母元音不同，余部缺失", "prosody": "Low：/kan/ 与 /dʒen/ 声母元音不同，余部缺失" }, "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-08" ] }, "evidence": [ { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "mediated", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-08" ], "locator": null, "note": "Approved online / mediated concrete sense; no upgrade during migration." }, { "claim_scope": "comparison_inference", "status": "lead", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-08" ], "locator": null, "note": "Editorial comparison; previous qualitative levels and unvalidated component scores remain in original Research fields." }, { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "pending", "source_refs": [], "locator": null, "note": "Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码" } ], "historical_relation": { "status": "Not claimed", "source_refs": [], "review_note": "No independent cross-language historical evidence introduced." }, "confounds": [ "旧 gan 未定调和义；乾/干/幹不能混为一个历史语义系统", "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。" ], "discovery_priority": "none", "decision_reason": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。 Reject Featured; retain observation", "review": { "status": "reviewed", "reviewer": "Jinkai Liu", "date": "2026-09-20", "note": "Approved Tier C Batch 3 Freeze. Migration only; no new Discovery or evidence upgrade." } }, { "candidate_id": "TC3-GENERATE-06", "family_key": "legacy-generate", "target": { "form": "跟", "lexical_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "language_variety": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "meaning": { "gloss": "脚跟；跟随", "pos": null, "constraints": [ "物体底部联想仍不能推出生育" ] }, "pronunciations": [ { "pronunciation_id": "ZH-TC3-GENERATE-06", "value": "gēn", "notation": "pinyin", "phonological_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "Modern reference; exact documentation date not inferred", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "variety": "Modern Mandarin", "system": "Existing entry transcription; see original scoped assessment", "status": "documented", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-09" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-09" ] }, "comparison": { "source_stage_ref": "G3", "source_pronunciation_ref": "PR-G3", "target_pronunciation_ref": "ZH-TC3-GENERATE-06", "source_span": "generate", "scope": "semantic_only", "hypothesis": { "group": null, "hit": false, "position": "g group baseline control, not expansion gain", "version": "Protocol v0.2: candidate generation only, not evidence score" } }, "role": "sound_control", "decision": "rejected", "semantic_fit": { "fit": "mismatch", "confidence": "Medium", "rationale": "None for BEGET", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-03", "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-09" ] }, "phonetic_fit": { "fit": "weak", "confidence": "Low", "rationale": "Low modern source; 与根同音，故任何根的局部近音也适用于跟", "features": { "onset": "Low modern source; 与根同音，故任何根的局部近音也适用于跟", "vowel": "Low modern source; 与根同音，故任何根的局部近音也适用于跟", "coda_other_consonants": "Low modern source; 与根同音，故任何根的局部近音也适用于跟", "syllables": "Low modern source; 与根同音，故任何根的局部近音也适用于跟", "prosody": "Low modern source; 与根同音，故任何根的局部近音也适用于跟" }, "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-09" ] }, "evidence": [ { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "mediated", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-09" ], "locator": null, "note": "Approved online / mediated concrete sense; no upgrade during migration." }, { "claim_scope": "comparison_inference", "status": "lead", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-09" ], "locator": null, "note": "Editorial comparison; previous qualitative levels and unvalidated component scores remain in original Research fields." }, { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "pending", "source_refs": [], "locator": null, "note": "Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码" } ], "historical_relation": { "status": "Not claimed", "source_refs": [], "review_note": "No independent cross-language historical evidence introduced." }, "confounds": [ "物体底部联想仍不能推出生育", "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。" ], "discovery_priority": "none", "decision_reason": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。 Negative control", "review": { "status": "reviewed", "reviewer": "Jinkai Liu", "date": "2026-09-20", "note": "Approved Tier C Batch 3 Freeze. Migration only; no new Discovery or evidence upgrade." } }, { "candidate_id": "TC3-GENERATE-07", "family_key": "legacy-generate", "target": { "form": "滚", "lexical_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "language_variety": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "meaning": { "gloss": "翻滚、旋转移动", "pos": null, "constraints": [ "不能由滚动→动→产生无限延长联想" ] }, "pronunciations": [ { "pronunciation_id": "ZH-TC3-GENERATE-07", "value": "gǔn", "notation": "pinyin", "phonological_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "period": { "label": "Modern reference; exact documentation date not inferred", "start_year": null, "end_year": null, "basis": "modern_reference", "source_refs": [] }, "variety": "Modern Mandarin", "system": "Existing entry transcription; see original scoped assessment", "status": "documented", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-10" ] } ], "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-10" ] }, "comparison": { "source_stage_ref": "G3", "source_pronunciation_ref": "PR-G3", "target_pronunciation_ref": "ZH-TC3-GENERATE-07", "source_span": "generate", "scope": "semantic_only", "hypothesis": { "group": null, "hit": false, "position": "g group baseline control", "version": "Protocol v0.2: candidate generation only, not evidence score" } }, "role": "sound_control", "decision": "rejected", "semantic_fit": { "fit": "mismatch", "confidence": "Medium", "rationale": "None", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-03", "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-10" ] }, "phonetic_fit": { "fit": "weak", "confidence": "Low", "rationale": "Low：只对旧 raw gun 拼写有表面吸引，非 generate 全音", "features": { "onset": "Low：只对旧 raw gun 拼写有表面吸引，非 generate 全音", "vowel": "Low：只对旧 raw gun 拼写有表面吸引，非 generate 全音", "coda_other_consonants": "Low：只对旧 raw gun 拼写有表面吸引，非 generate 全音", "syllables": "Low：只对旧 raw gun 拼写有表面吸引，非 generate 全音", "prosody": "Low：只对旧 raw gun 拼写有表面吸引，非 generate 全音" }, "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-10" ] }, "evidence": [ { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "mediated", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-10" ], "locator": null, "note": "Approved online / mediated concrete sense; no upgrade during migration." }, { "claim_scope": "comparison_inference", "status": "lead", "source_refs": [ "TC3-GENERATE-SRC-10" ], "locator": null, "note": "Editorial comparison; previous qualitative levels and unvalidated component scores remain in original Research fields." }, { "claim_scope": "chinese_sense", "status": "pending", "source_refs": [], "locator": null, "note": "Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码" } ], "historical_relation": { "status": "Not claimed", "source_refs": [], "review_note": "No independent cross-language historical evidence introduced." }, "confounds": [ "不能由滚动→动→产生无限延长联想", "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。" ], "discovery_priority": "none", "decision_reason": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。 Negative control", "review": { "status": "reviewed", "reviewer": "Jinkai Liu", "date": "2026-09-20", "note": "Approved Tier C Batch 3 Freeze. Migration only; no new Discovery or evidence upgrade." } } ], "review": { "status": "reviewed", "reviewer": "Jinkai Liu", "date": "2026-09-20", "note": "Approved Tier C Batch 3 Freeze. Migration only; no new Discovery or evidence upgrade." } } ], "display_selection": { "featured_candidate_ref": null, "stage_cards": [ { "stage_mapping_ref": "SM-G2", "candidate_ref": "TC3-GENERATE-01" }, { "stage_mapping_ref": "SM-G3", "candidate_ref": "TC3-GENERATE-02" } ], "review_status": "approved", "reviewer": "Jinkai Liu", "reason": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。" }, "historical_path": "genus, gener- [G1]; generāre / generāt- [G2]; generate [G3]", "semantic_path": "Related meaning groups, not a strict dated sequence: birth/descent; family/kind; BEGET / PRODUCE; 使产生、生成；生育义仍存在", "boundary": { "en": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。", "zh-Hans": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。" } }, "featured_mapping_status": "Pending", "publication_status": "Published", "research_candidate_discovery": { "run_id": "tier-c-discovery-batch-3-2026-09-20", "candidates": [ { "id": "GENERATE-01", "entry": "GENERATE", "chinese_form": "生", "reading": "shēng", "chinese_layer": "Modern Mandarin + historical character sense", "chinese_period": "现代；古生育/产生义在线材料，具体时序待核", "target_stage": "G2/G3", "comparison_unit": "whole word", "documented_meaning": "出生、生育；产生、发生", "semantic_fit": "High；需逐句区分及物生出与不及物发生", "phonetic_fit": "Low：/ʂəŋ/ 对现代 /dʒen/ 的部位、韵尾不同；全词更远", "structural_cognitive_fit": "High：BIRTH/ARISE/PRODUCE 义群可比较", "consonant_group_relation": "none；sh 不机械等同 z-c-s", "counterevidence": "不是所有生义都适用；同一字多义不是已完成的词义演变年表", "decision": "Shortlist", "discovery_priority": "High", "origin": "semantic retrieval", "evidence_type": "O", "evidence_confidence": "Moderate for listed sense; Low/Pending for exact diachronic dating", "historical_relation": "Not claimed", "chinese_source": "https://www.zdic.net/hans/生", "mainland_paper_entry_status": "Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码", "source_stage_metadata": [ { "id": "G2", "form": "generāre / generāt-", "language": "Latin", "period": "古典拉丁语层", "meaning": "BEGET / PRODUCE", "relation": "动词及分词词干是相关形态，不拆成互相独立发现", "mapping": "生、产、育", "source": "https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=generate" }, { "id": "G3", "form": "generate", "language": "English", "period": "1509起所核英语记录；现代层", "meaning": "使产生、生成；生育义仍存在", "relation": "把生育与广义产生并列；不捏造唯一语义年表", "mapping": "生、产；根/干受限或拒绝", "source": "https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/generate" } ] }, { "id": "GENERATE-02", "entry": "GENERATE", "chinese_form": "产", "reading": "chǎn", "chinese_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "chinese_period": "现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证", "target_stage": "G2/G3", "comparison_unit": "whole word", "documented_meaning": "生子、生产、产生", "semantic_fit": "High for BEGET/PRODUCE", "phonetic_fit": "Low whole word; /ʈʂʰan/ 对 /dʒen/ 仅塞擦音和 n 特征有限，清浊送气元音异", "structural_cognitive_fit": "High：生育与制造的语义并置", "consonant_group_relation": "none；ch 不擅自并入 z-c-s", "counterevidence": "身体生育与抽象产生的扩展有研究价值，但首次年代未核", "decision": "Shortlist", "discovery_priority": "High", "origin": "semantic retrieval", "evidence_type": "O", "evidence_confidence": "Moderate for listed sense; Low/Pending for exact diachronic dating", "historical_relation": "Not claimed", "chinese_source": "https://www.zdic.net/hans/产", "mainland_paper_entry_status": "Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码", "source_stage_metadata": [ { "id": "G2", "form": "generāre / generāt-", "language": "Latin", "period": "古典拉丁语层", "meaning": "BEGET / PRODUCE", "relation": "动词及分词词干是相关形态，不拆成互相独立发现", "mapping": "生、产、育", "source": "https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=generate" }, { "id": "G3", "form": "generate", "language": "English", "period": "1509起所核英语记录；现代层", "meaning": "使产生、生成；生育义仍存在", "relation": "把生育与广义产生并列；不捏造唯一语义年表", "mapping": "生、产；根/干受限或拒绝", "source": "https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/generate" } ] }, { "id": "GENERATE-03", "entry": "GENERATE", "chinese_form": "育", "reading": "yù", "chinese_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "chinese_period": "现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证", "target_stage": "G2", "comparison_unit": "whole word", "documented_meaning": "生养；限生育，不含教育的一切义", "semantic_fit": "High for procreate; Medium/Low for all produce", "phonetic_fit": "Low：无匹配节段", "structural_cognitive_fit": "Medium birth/nurture distinction", "consonant_group_relation": "none", "counterevidence": "培养已经存在的对象不等于使其产生；教育义排除", "decision": "Retain limited", "discovery_priority": "Medium", "origin": "semantic retrieval", "evidence_type": "O", "evidence_confidence": "Moderate for listed sense; Low/Pending for exact diachronic dating", "historical_relation": "Not claimed", "chinese_source": "https://www.zdic.net/hans/育", "mainland_paper_entry_status": "Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码", "source_stage_metadata": [ { "id": "G2", "form": "generāre / generāt-", "language": "Latin", "period": "古典拉丁语层", "meaning": "BEGET / PRODUCE", "relation": "动词及分词词干是相关形态，不拆成互相独立发现", "mapping": "生、产、育", "source": "https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=generate" } ] }, { "id": "GENERATE-04", "entry": "GENERATE", "chinese_form": "根", "reading": "gēn", "chinese_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "chinese_period": "现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证", "target_stage": "G1/G3", "comparison_unit": "Latin gener-/genus semantics; modern initial syllable separately", "documented_meaning": "植物根；事物来源、根本", "semantic_fit": "Low–Medium cognitive origin; Low BEGET action", "phonetic_fit": "Low versus modern /dʒen/：gēn=[kən]，字母 g 不等于英语 /dʒ/；Latin 历史全音值 Pending", "structural_cognitive_fit": "Medium ORIGIN/ROOT metaphor, not identical operation", "consonant_group_relation": "legacy g-k-h proposal applies only after source sound layer is fixed", "counterevidence": "genus=出身/族类不是植物根；名词来源不等于生产动作", "decision": "Retain limited", "discovery_priority": "Medium", "origin": "legacy calibration", "evidence_type": "O", "evidence_confidence": "Moderate for listed sense; Low/Pending for exact diachronic dating", "historical_relation": "Not claimed", "chinese_source": "https://www.zdic.net/hans/根", "mainland_paper_entry_status": "Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码", "source_stage_metadata": [ { "id": "G1", "form": "genus, gener-", "language": "Latin", "period": "古典拉丁语层，精确首见未核", "meaning": "birth/descent; family/kind", "relation": "generāre 的派生基础；KIND 不是 generate 后起阶段", "mapping": "种（semantic control）；根仅认知", "source": "https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=generate" }, { "id": "G3", "form": "generate", "language": "English", "period": "1509起所核英语记录；现代层", "meaning": "使产生、生成；生育义仍存在", "relation": "把生育与广义产生并列；不捏造唯一语义年表", "mapping": "生、产；根/干受限或拒绝", "source": "https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/generate" } ] }, { "id": "GENERATE-05", "entry": "GENERATE", "chinese_form": "干", "reading": "gàn", "chinese_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "chinese_period": "现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证", "target_stage": "G3", "comparison_unit": "whole word", "documented_meaning": "幹：做、从事某事；不采用 gān 乾燥", "semantic_fit": "Low：做事未必产生对象", "phonetic_fit": "Low：/kan/ 与 /dʒen/ 声母元音不同，余部缺失", "structural_cognitive_fit": "Low", "consonant_group_relation": "拼音 g 不是 English generate 的音系 g", "counterevidence": "旧 gan 未定调和义；乾/干/幹不能混为一个历史语义系统", "decision": "Reject Featured; retain observation", "discovery_priority": "Low", "origin": "legacy calibration", "evidence_type": "O", "evidence_confidence": "Moderate for listed sense; Low/Pending for exact diachronic dating", "historical_relation": "Not claimed", "chinese_source": "https://www.zdic.net/hans/干", "mainland_paper_entry_status": "Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码", "source_stage_metadata": [ { "id": "G3", "form": "generate", "language": "English", "period": "1509起所核英语记录；现代层", "meaning": "使产生、生成；生育义仍存在", "relation": "把生育与广义产生并列；不捏造唯一语义年表", "mapping": "生、产；根/干受限或拒绝", "source": "https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/generate" } ] }, { "id": "GENERATE-06", "entry": "GENERATE", "chinese_form": "跟", "reading": "gēn", "chinese_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "chinese_period": "现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证", "target_stage": "G1/G3", "comparison_unit": "whole word", "documented_meaning": "脚跟；跟随", "semantic_fit": "None for BEGET", "phonetic_fit": "Low modern source; 与根同音，故任何根的局部近音也适用于跟", "structural_cognitive_fit": "None", "consonant_group_relation": "g group baseline control, not expansion gain", "counterevidence": "物体底部联想仍不能推出生育", "decision": "Negative control", "discovery_priority": "Low", "origin": "control", "evidence_type": "O", "evidence_confidence": "Moderate for listed sense; Low/Pending for exact diachronic dating", "historical_relation": "Not claimed", "chinese_source": "https://www.zdic.net/hans/跟", "mainland_paper_entry_status": "Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码", "source_stage_metadata": [ { "id": "G1", "form": "genus, gener-", "language": "Latin", "period": "古典拉丁语层，精确首见未核", "meaning": "birth/descent; family/kind", "relation": "generāre 的派生基础；KIND 不是 generate 后起阶段", "mapping": "种（semantic control）；根仅认知", "source": "https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=generate" }, { "id": "G3", "form": "generate", "language": "English", "period": "1509起所核英语记录；现代层", "meaning": "使产生、生成；生育义仍存在", "relation": "把生育与广义产生并列；不捏造唯一语义年表", "mapping": "生、产；根/干受限或拒绝", "source": "https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/generate" } ] }, { "id": "GENERATE-07", "entry": "GENERATE", "chinese_form": "滚", "reading": "gǔn", "chinese_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "chinese_period": "现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证", "target_stage": "G3", "comparison_unit": "whole word", "documented_meaning": "翻滚、旋转移动", "semantic_fit": "None", "phonetic_fit": "Low：只对旧 raw gun 拼写有表面吸引，非 generate 全音", "structural_cognitive_fit": "None", "consonant_group_relation": "g group baseline control", "counterevidence": "不能由滚动→动→产生无限延长联想", "decision": "Negative control", "discovery_priority": "Low", "origin": "control", "evidence_type": "O", "evidence_confidence": "Moderate for listed sense; Low/Pending for exact diachronic dating", "historical_relation": "Not claimed", "chinese_source": "https://www.zdic.net/hans/滚", "mainland_paper_entry_status": "Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码", "source_stage_metadata": [ { "id": "G3", "form": "generate", "language": "English", "period": "1509起所核英语记录；现代层", "meaning": "使产生、生成；生育义仍存在", "relation": "把生育与广义产生并列；不捏造唯一语义年表", "mapping": "生、产；根/干受限或拒绝", "source": "https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/generate" } ] }, { "id": "GENERATE-08", "entry": "GENERATE", "chinese_form": "种", "reading": "zhǒng", "chinese_layer": "Modern Mandarin", "chinese_period": "现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证", "target_stage": "G1", "comparison_unit": "Latin genus kind/descent basis, not modern verb", "documented_meaning": "种类、族类；取名词，非 zhòng 种植", "semantic_fit": "High for genus KIND only", "phonetic_fit": "Low；不能用它拼成现代 generate 的声音证据", "structural_cognitive_fit": "Medium family/kind comparison", "consonant_group_relation": "none", "counterevidence": "不是 generate 整词译法；生物分类 rank species 也不等于 genus rank", "decision": "Semantic control", "discovery_priority": "Medium", "origin": "control", "evidence_type": "O", "evidence_confidence": "Moderate for listed sense; Low/Pending for exact diachronic dating", "historical_relation": "Not claimed", "chinese_source": "https://www.zdic.net/hans/种", "mainland_paper_entry_status": "Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码", "source_stage_metadata": [ { "id": "G1", "form": "genus, gener-", "language": "Latin", "period": "古典拉丁语层，精确首见未核", "meaning": "birth/descent; family/kind", "relation": "generāre 的派生基础；KIND 不是 generate 后起阶段", "mapping": "种（semantic control）；根仅认知", "source": "https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=generate" } ] } ], "freeze": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。", "note": "Exact original 39-record pool; active selections follow approved Freeze, not original Discovery winners.", "deep_source_metadata": [ [ "G0", "*g̑enh₁- (AHD genə-/gen-)", "reconstructed PIE", "史前，重构非文献见证", "BEGET / GIVE BIRTH", "仅作深源 metadata；不强配汉字", "Pending / Not selected", "https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/indoeurop.html" ] ], "independent_comparisons": [] }, "research_provenance": { "status": "Calibration archive, not active evidence", "reason": "Featured Mapping: Pending。生限生育／产生，产限生育／生产构式；gan/gun/gin/gen、根、干等旧观察保留Raw/Research provenance，不进入历史词源链。", "old_observations": { "phonetic_observation": [ { "observation_id": "PHON-GENERATE-001", "claim": { "en": "gen- and 根 gēn share a rough modern syllabic resemblance and ORIGIN/ROOT semantic overlap; 干 gàn/gān has broader, sense-dependent meanings and weaker overlap.", "zh-Hans": "gen- 与“根”gēn 有有限现代音近，并在 ORIGIN／ROOT 上有语义交集；“干”gàn／gān 义项繁多，重合较弱。" }, "status": "Candidate", "limitations": { "en": "Modern spelling or sound resemblance is not a regular sound correspondence and does not prove cognacy.", "zh-Hans": "现代拼写或声音近似不是规律音变，也不能证明同源。" } } ], "semantic_structure": { "concepts": [ "CREATE", "PRODUCE", "BIRTH", "ORIGIN", "ROOT" ], "relation": "CREATE → PRODUCE → BIRTH → ORIGIN → ROOT", "status": "Interpretive" }, "hypotheses": [ { "hypothesis_id": "UNI-GENERATE-001", "type": "Original author phonetic-semantic / consonantal-skeleton hypothesis", "claim": { "en": "The author's comparison around 干 gan，gun、gin，gen，generate; generate ↔ 干 gan / 根 gen; 辅音不变规则同样适用于词根的意义; may support a mnemonic or semantic association without establishing common origin.", "zh-Hans": "作者观察“干 gan，gun、gin，gen，generate。generate ↔ 干 gan / 根 gen。辅音不变规则同样适用于词根的意义。”可作为记忆或语义联想，但不建立共同来源。" }, "status": "Unestablished", "confidence": "Low", "supporting_cases": [ "generate", "generation", "gen", "genus", "产生" ], "counterexamples": [ "Modern resemblance does not establish generate ← 根/干 or a shared historical root.", "No regular cross-language sound correspondence has been demonstrated." ], "testability": { "en": "Test sound similarity and semantic fit separately with blinded ratings, explicit negative controls and historical-source review.", "zh-Hans": "用盲法评分、明确负对照与独立词源核验分别检验声音相似度和语义适配。" }, "experiment_link": null, "source_refs": [ "REF-JL-GENERATE-RAW", "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] } ], "semantic_associations": [ { "association_id": "ASSOC-GENERATE-001", "relation": "CREATE → PRODUCE → BIRTH → ORIGIN → ROOT", "status": "Interpretive", "is_etymological": false } ], "related_words": [ { "word": "generation", "language": "English", "relationship_type": "Etymological derivative", "family": "Latin generare / generatio", "relation_to_entry": { "en": "Documented historical relation within the stated family.", "zh-Hans": "在所列词族内有文献支持的历史关系。" }, "status": "Established", "source_refs": [ "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] }, { "word": "genus", "language": "Latin/English", "relationship_type": "Historical family", "family": "Latin genus / gener-", "relation_to_entry": { "en": "Documented historical relation within the stated family.", "zh-Hans": "在所列词族内有文献支持的历史关系。" }, "status": "Established", "source_refs": [ "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] }, { "word": "根 gēn", "language": "Chinese", "relationship_type": "Phonetic-semantic candidate", "family": "independent Sinitic history", "relation_to_entry": { "en": "Comparison or association only; not a historical derivation.", "zh-Hans": "仅作比较或联想；不是历史派生关系。" }, "status": "Interpretive", "source_refs": [ "REF-JL-GENERATE-RAW", "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] }, { "word": "干 gān/gàn", "language": "Chinese", "relationship_type": "Surface phonetic candidate", "family": "independent Sinitic history", "relation_to_entry": { "en": "Comparison or association only; not a historical derivation.", "zh-Hans": "仅作比较或联想；不是历史派生关系。" }, "status": "Interpretive", "source_refs": [ "REF-JL-GENERATE-RAW", "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] } ] } }, "legacy_migration": { "version": "tier-c-batch3-0.1", "baseline_commit": "16e144fd83c1fe048b3abd84196a0529fe04df3b", "scope": "Exact original record archive. Calibrated hypotheses remain Research, not active Featured or etymological evidence.", "previous_fields": { "title": { "en": "generate · Batch 001", "zh-Hans": "generate · 数据扩展 Batch 001" }, "primary_mapping": { "mapping_id": "MAP-generate-primary", "source": { "language": "English", "word": "generate", "pronunciation": "/ˈdʒenəreɪt/" }, "target": { "language": "Chinese", "word": "产生／生成", "pronunciation": "chǎnshēng / shēngchéng" }, "gloss": { "en": "to bring into existence or produce", "zh-Hans": "使某物产生、生成或出现" }, "meaning": { "en": "to bring into existence or produce. This ordinary mapping is independent from the author's cross-language sound/root hypothesis.", "zh-Hans": "使某物产生、生成或出现。普通词义 Mapping 与作者跨语言声音／词根假说独立。" }, "mapping_type": "Standard lexical/semantic mapping with separately graded research hypothesis", "rationale": { "en": "The primary mapping follows ordinary meaning; historical and phonetic claims are evaluated on separate tracks.", "zh-Hans": "主要 Mapping 依据普通词义；历史关系与语音主张在独立轨道评价。" } }, "references": [ { "reference_id": "REF-JL-GENERATE-RAW", "title": "Jinkai Liu: generate source/raw research note", "type": "author research note", "url": null, "path": null, "provenance": "author-provided in conversation; preserved independently from evaluation" }, { "reference_id": "REF-MW-GENERATE", "title": "Merriam-Webster Dictionary: generate", "type": "dictionary", "url": "https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/generate", "path": null, "provenance": "external lexicographic reference; accessed 2026-09-01" }, { "reference_id": "REF-MW-GENERATION", "title": "Merriam-Webster Dictionary: generation", "type": "dictionary", "url": "https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/generation", "path": null, "provenance": "external lexicographic reference; accessed 2026-09-01" } ], "editorial_notes": [ { "en": "Batch disposition: Reviewed. Priority score 90/100 is editorial triage, not a scientific measurement.", "zh-Hans": "批次归类：Reviewed。优先分 90/100 仅用于编辑分流，不是科学测量。" }, { "en": "Modern resemblance does not establish generate ← 根/干 or a shared historical root.", "zh-Hans": "现代音义近似不能证明 generate 源自“根／干”或共享历史词根。" } ], "search_terms": [ "generate", "generation", "gen", "genus", "产生", "生成", "根", "根源", "干", "gan", "root", "générer", "create", "produce" ], "page": null, "historical_relation_status": "Not claimed", "semantic_structure": { "concepts": [ "CREATE", "PRODUCE", "BIRTH", "ORIGIN", "ROOT" ], "relation": "CREATE → PRODUCE → BIRTH → ORIGIN → ROOT", "status": "Interpretive" }, "phonetic_observation": [ { "observation_id": "PHON-GENERATE-001", "claim": { "en": "gen- and 根 gēn share a rough modern syllabic resemblance and ORIGIN/ROOT semantic overlap; 干 gàn/gān has broader, sense-dependent meanings and weaker overlap.", "zh-Hans": "gen- 与“根”gēn 有有限现代音近，并在 ORIGIN／ROOT 上有语义交集；“干”gàn／gān 义项繁多，重合较弱。" }, "status": "Candidate", "limitations": { "en": "Modern spelling or sound resemblance is not a regular sound correspondence and does not prove cognacy.", "zh-Hans": "现代拼写或声音近似不是规律音变，也不能证明同源。" } } ], "hypotheses": [ { "hypothesis_id": "UNI-GENERATE-001", "type": "Original author phonetic-semantic / consonantal-skeleton hypothesis", "claim": { "en": "The author's comparison around 干 gan，gun、gin，gen，generate; generate ↔ 干 gan / 根 gen; 辅音不变规则同样适用于词根的意义; may support a mnemonic or semantic association without establishing common origin.", "zh-Hans": "作者观察“干 gan，gun、gin，gen，generate。generate ↔ 干 gan / 根 gen。辅音不变规则同样适用于词根的意义。”可作为记忆或语义联想，但不建立共同来源。" }, "status": "Unestablished", "confidence": "Low", "supporting_cases": [ "generate", "generation", "gen", "genus", "产生" ], "counterexamples": [ "Modern resemblance does not establish generate ← 根/干 or a shared historical root.", "No regular cross-language sound correspondence has been demonstrated." ], "testability": { "en": "Test sound similarity and semantic fit separately with blinded ratings, explicit negative controls and historical-source review.", "zh-Hans": "用盲法评分、明确负对照与独立词源核验分别检验声音相似度和语义适配。" }, "experiment_link": null, "source_refs": [ "REF-JL-GENERATE-RAW", "REF-MW-GENERATE", "REF-MW-GENERATION" ] } ] }, "previously_absent_fields": [ "standard_translation", "modern_standard_semantic_mapping", "diachronic_semantic_mapping", "featured_mapping_status", "publication_status", "research_candidate_discovery", "research_provenance" ] } }