Language Book · Author: Jinkai Liu
Standard Translation: 前进／推进／进步
Featured Mapping: Pending
进／前是直接语义比较；往 wǎng从旧Featured/校准案例降为Research Candidate，限去／前往；声音Low。van/vance不是独立历史根，不因旧选择保留Featured。
Featured Mapping is optional. Pending 是有效研究状态，不是页面错误。
Featured 是编辑选择，不是证据等级。Historical Relation: Not claimed。
Middle / Modern English · 中古英语至现代；本轮不强定首见
Stage candidate: 进 · jìn
Semantic: direct · Phonetic: weak · Historical Relation: Not claimed
Featured Mapping: Pending。进／前是直接语义比较；往 wǎng从旧Featured/校准案例降为Research Candidate，限去／前往；声音Low。van/vance不是独立历史根，不因旧选择保留Featured。 Shortlist
Research / Evidence · 研究与证据Latin / reconstructed Vulgar Latin · 古代晚期至早期罗曼语；精确年代未核
Stage candidate: 前 · qián
Semantic: direct · Phonetic: not_evaluated · Historical Relation: Not claimed
Featured Mapping: Pending。进／前是直接语义比较；往 wǎng从旧Featured/校准案例降为Research Candidate，限去／前往；声音Low。van/vance不是独立历史根，不因旧选择保留Featured。 Shortlist
Research / Evidence · 研究与证据To advance is to leave one position and move toward another. “往” also opens a direction: movement is not merely motion, but motion toward somewhere. · Advance 是离开一个位置，朝另一个位置移动；“往”也打开一个方向：移动不只是运动，而是朝向某处。
Featured Mapping: Pending。进／前是直接语义比较；往 wǎng从旧Featured/校准案例降为Research Candidate，限去／前往；声音Low。van/vance不是独立历史根，不因旧选择保留Featured。
Entry: Reviewed · Publication: Published · Featured: Pending · Evidence: 各项独立评级，纸本 Pending。
下列是已冻结的有限检索记录；历史阶段未冻结音值时，现代参照评分不会转入历史音评分。
Modern Mandarin · 现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证 · V2/V3
Meaning: 去、前往；现代往某方向
Semantic: Medium for directed motion; Low–Medium for PROGRESS
Phonetic: Low：现代 /væns/ 对 /wɑŋ/ 有 v/w、n/ŋ、尾 s、元音差；whole word 还多 /əd/
Group: v/w 不在已批准四组，independent hypothesis · Shortlist · Priority: High
Counterevidence: 往后退也成立；历史辞书 wàng 朝向不得与 wǎng 去混用
Historical Relation: Not claimed
Mainland: Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码
具体来源Modern Mandarin · 现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证 · V2/V3
Meaning: 向前、向上移动或发展
Semantic: High for MOVE FORWARD / PROGRESS
Phonetic: Low：/tɕin/ 不配 /ədvæns/
Group: none · Shortlist · Priority: High
Counterevidence: 进入、进食、进贡义不一并映射；金融预付等义不在本轮
Historical Relation: Not claimed
Mainland: Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码
具体来源Modern Mandarin · 现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证 · V1/V2
Meaning: 空间前方、顺序在先；向前
Semantic: High for BEFORE/IN FRONT
Phonetic: Low；Latin abante 未做完整历史音值评分
Group: none · Shortlist · Priority: High
Counterevidence: 历史单位 abante 的位置义不是所有 modern advance 词性
Historical Relation: Not claimed
Mainland: Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码
具体来源Modern Mandarin · 现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证 · V2/V3
Meaning: 跨步、行走／远行
Semantic: Medium：动作方式更窄
Phonetic: Low：无 v/w/n/s 的有效全形对应
Group: none；不能把 /v/ 临时算 b-p-m-f · Retain limited · Priority: Medium
Counterevidence: 迈步未必进步；古远行义也不必向前领先
Historical Relation: Not claimed
Mainland: Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码
具体来源Modern Mandarin · 现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证 · V3
Meaning: 水深广、液体聚集
Semantic: None
Phonetic: Low：与往同节段；故对 /væns/ 的相似程度并不更差
Group: v/w independent observation only · Negative control · Priority: Low
Counterevidence: 不能因水流会运动而转成前进义
Historical Relation: Not claimed
Mainland: Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码
具体来源Modern Mandarin · 现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证 · V3
Meaning: 水弯处、海湾
Semantic: None
Phonetic: Low whole word；鼻尾 /n/ 比往的 /ŋ/ 更接近 /væn/，仍缺 s 且 v≠w
Group: v/w independent observation only · Negative control · Priority: Low
Counterevidence: 声音某维更近却无进步义；不能把停泊说成前进
Historical Relation: Not claimed
Mainland: Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码
具体来源Modern Mandarin · 现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证 · V2/V3
Meaning: 向前行进／发展
Semantic: High
Phonetic: Low
Group: none · Semantic control · Priority: Medium
Counterevidence: 与进、前共享语素，只作构式验证，不重复计成功
Historical Relation: Not claimed
Mainland: Pending: 未核具体纸本版次、原条和页码
具体来源abante; *abantiāre [V1]; avancier / avancer [V2]; avauncen / advauncen → advance [V3]
Related meaning groups, not a strict dated sequence: BEFORE / IN FRONT → move forward basis; 进展及向前移动; MOVE FORWARD / PROGRESS / precede in selected contexts
Featured Mapping: Pending。进／前是直接语义比较；往 wǎng从旧Featured/校准案例降为Research Candidate，限去／前往；声音Low。van/vance不是独立历史根，不因旧选择保留Featured。
Latin / reconstructed Vulgar Latin · 古代晚期至早期罗曼语；精确年代未核
Chinese Mapping: Candidates recorded
ab + ante；*abantiāre 为重构派生形式; abante attested; *abantiāre explicitly reconstructed, not an attested quotation.
Source refs: TC3-ADVANCE-SRC-01
Old/Anglo-French · 12世纪有见证
Chinese Mapping: Not selected
TLFi列1155比喻进步，1172–75具体前移：不能声称最早文本必先具体后抽象
derivation from V1: TLFi列1155比喻进步，1172–75具体前移：不能声称最早文本必先具体后抽象
Source refs: TC3-ADVANCE-SRC-02
Middle / Modern English · 中古英语至现代；本轮不强定首见
Chinese Mapping: Candidates recorded
d 是与 Latin ad- 联想有关的改形；van/vance 非独立历史根
borrowing from V2: d 是与 Latin ad- 联想有关的改形；van/vance 非独立历史根
Source refs: TC3-ADVANCE-SRC-01
Source unit: abante; *abantiāre · semantic_only
Chinese layer: Modern Mandarin · Modern Mandarin · 现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证
qián [Modern Mandarin]
Semantic Fit: direct (Medium) — High for BEFORE/IN FRONT
Phonetic Fit: not_evaluated (Unknown) — Historical pronunciation not_evaluated; modern reference Low. Low；Latin abante 未做完整历史音值评分
Historical Relation: Not claimed
Source unit: modern advance /væns/ segment; not a historical root · syllable
Chinese layer: Modern Mandarin · Modern Mandarin · 现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证
wǎng [Modern Mandarin]
Semantic Fit: partial (Medium) — Medium for directed motion; Low–Medium for PROGRESS
Phonetic Fit: weak (Low) — Low：现代 /væns/ 对 /wɑŋ/ 有 v/w、n/ŋ、尾 s、元音差；whole word 还多 /əd/
Historical Relation: Not claimed
Source unit: avauncen / advauncen → advance · semantic_only
Chinese layer: Modern Mandarin · Modern Mandarin · 现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证
jìn [Modern Mandarin]
Semantic Fit: direct (Medium) — High for MOVE FORWARD / PROGRESS
Phonetic Fit: weak (Low) — Low：/tɕin/ 不配 /ədvæns/
Historical Relation: Not claimed
Source unit: avauncen / advauncen → advance · semantic_only
Chinese layer: Modern Mandarin · Modern Mandarin · 现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证
mài [Modern Mandarin]
Semantic Fit: partial (Medium) — Medium：动作方式更窄
Phonetic Fit: weak (Low) — Low：无 v/w/n/s 的有效全形对应
Historical Relation: Not claimed
Source unit: avauncen / advauncen → advance · semantic_only
Chinese layer: Modern Mandarin · Modern Mandarin · 现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证
wāng [Modern Mandarin]
Semantic Fit: mismatch (Medium) — None
Phonetic Fit: weak (Low) — Low：与往同节段；故对 /væns/ 的相似程度并不更差
Historical Relation: Not claimed
Source unit: avauncen / advauncen → advance · semantic_only
Chinese layer: Modern Mandarin · Modern Mandarin · 现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证
wān [Modern Mandarin]
Semantic Fit: mismatch (Medium) — None
Phonetic Fit: weak (Low) — Low whole word；鼻尾 /n/ 比往的 /ŋ/ 更接近 /væn/，仍缺 s 且 v≠w
Historical Relation: Not claimed
Source unit: avauncen / advauncen → advance · semantic_only
Chinese layer: Modern Mandarin · Modern Mandarin · 现代；本轮不据此断定最早书证
qiánjìn [Modern Mandarin]
Semantic Fit: direct (Medium) — High
Phonetic Fit: weak (Low) — Low
Historical Relation: Not claimed
Migration baseline: 16e144fd83c1fe048b3abd84196a0529fe04df3b. 原有评级、评分、反例及逐项来源见本页各折叠研究章节；本批按已批准 Freeze 校准；旧主张不代表当前证据等级。
Approved Freeze source · advance · TC3-ADVANCE-SRC-01
Approved Freeze source · 1 · TC3-ADVANCE-SRC-02
Approved Freeze source · 往 · TC3-ADVANCE-SRC-03
Approved Freeze source · 进 · TC3-ADVANCE-SRC-04
Approved Freeze source · 前 · TC3-ADVANCE-SRC-05
Approved Freeze source · 迈 · TC3-ADVANCE-SRC-06
Approved Freeze source · 汪 · TC3-ADVANCE-SRC-07
Approved Freeze source · 湾 · TC3-ADVANCE-SRC-08
Approved Freeze source · 前进 · TC3-ADVANCE-SRC-09
Approved Freeze source · 往 · TC3-ADVANCE-SRC-10
完整结构化研究记录Featured Mapping: Pending。进／前是直接语义比较；往 wǎng从旧Featured/校准案例降为Research Candidate，限去／前往；声音Low。van/vance不是独立历史根，不因旧选择保留Featured。
Language Book · Calibration Case 03
/ədˈvæns/ · verb / noun
advance → 往 → van/vance ↔ wang/往 ? → independent etymology → future experiment
To advance is to leave one position and move toward another. “往” also opens a direction: movement is not merely motion, but motion toward somewhere. · Advance 是离开一个位置，朝另一个位置移动；“往”也打开一个方向：移动不只是运动，而是朝向某处。
English: advance / advancement · French: avancer / avance / avancement · Chinese lexical equivalents: 推进 tuījìn / 前进 qiánjìn
Classification boundary · 分类边界： advance ↔ 往 wǎng is the author-proposed primary research mapping and remains Candidate / Not AI Reviewed. 推进 and 前进 are secondary lexical mappings. The research mapping is not presented as the ordinary dictionary translation or as historical cognacy.
advance ↔ 往 wǎng
Identity: Author Idea · Status: Candidate
推进 tuījìn · 前进 qiánjìn
Identity: Source-backed lexical mappings
Source-backed chain: English advance ← Middle English advauncen / avauncen ← Anglo-French avancer ← Vulgar Latin *abantiāre ← Latin abante (“before, in front,” from ab + ante).
English advancement reflects Anglo-French avancement, formed from avancer + -ment. French avance is described as a deverbal noun from avancer; French avancement is avancer + -ment.
Boundary · 边界： these sources do not establish a historical morpheme vance meaning “前的,” and they do not support common origin with Chinese 往.
Author Analysis · 作者分析
English advance [ədˈvæns], v., 推进; advancement, n., 推进; proposed segmentations ad.van.ce and ad.vance.ment. French avance / avancement; proposed observation vance, adjective, “前的.” Chinese 往 wǎng.
Source-backed Etymology · 有来源词源
advance ← avancer ← *abantiāre ← abante; advancement / avancement ← avancer + -ment; French avance is deverbal from avancer.
Author Analysis is preserved as research input. It is not automatically accepted as historical morphology. · 作者分析作为研究输入原样保留，但不自动视为历史形态分析。
MOVE → FORWARD / TOWARD A DIRECTION
English advance foregrounds movement forward, progress, or causing something to move forward. Chinese 往 profiles movement toward a place or direction. This shared structure motivates comparison, while their lexical ranges are not identical.
英语 advance 突出向前移动、进展或推动；汉语“往”突出朝地点或方向移动。共同结构使比较具有研究价值，但二者词义范围并不完全相同。
van/vance ↔ wang/往 ?
Status: Untested · Confidence: Low · Identity: Author Hypothesis · AI Review: Not Reviewed
The proposal asks whether the resemblance is repeatable around forward motion or direction. It is not a proved sound change, regular correspondence, or common etymology. · 本提议询问该相似是否能在向前运动／方向语义中重复出现；它不是已证实音变、规律对应或共同词源。
Status: Not Tested
No data, metrics or outcome exist. A future preregistration must define phonetic comparison, semantic categories, sampling, controls, blinded annotation and a decision rule before inspecting results. · 当前没有数据、统计量或结果；未来必须先预注册比较、抽样、控制、盲法标注与判定规则。
Lexical: The troops advanced on the city. · 部队向城市推进／前进。
Research mapping: They advance toward the river. · 他们往河边前进。
The second line illustrates semantic overlap; it does not make 往 a universal translation for every sense of advance.
Contributions may test the proposed semantic structure, supply counterexamples, audit the historical sources, or design the future experiment. Mapping, etymology, hypothesis and result must remain separate. · 欢迎检验语义结构、提供反例、审核词源或设计未来实验；mapping、词源、假说与结果必须继续分开。
View Data Foundation · 查看数据基础Mainland-first：纸本原条、版次与页码未核者Pending。以下引用沿用已批准研究。