Evidence Status: Candidate · C (entry mapping only). Featured selection is editorial, not an evidence grade. Pending is a valid research result.
Evidence boundaries / 证据边界
Counterinterpretation: at is not always 在; progressive 在 is not at. Presence need not imply love, and love can persist through absence.
Pending: Mainland printed dictionary/grammar entries, historical details, old sound tests, manuscript dates and some media provenance.
Historical Relation: Not claimed. Literary / cultural / transformation / experimental / proper-name layers are independently scoped; schema validity is not evidence validity.
Research / Evidence / Counterinterpretation
- American Heritage Dictionary: at · REF-AHD-AT
- CUHK Multi-function Chinese Character Database · REF-CUHK-CHAR
- languagesbook.com legacy entry: A,爱在,世界就在 · REF-LANGUAGESBOOK-AT
{
"evidence": {
"Historical": {
"status": "Unestablished",
"confidence": "High",
"summary": {
"en": "English at, Chinese 在 and Chinese 爱 have independent histories. No common origin is claimed.",
"zh-Hans": "英语 at、汉语“在”和“爱”各有独立历史;不主张共同来源。"
},
"items": [],
"source_refs": [
"REF-AHD-AT",
"REF-CUHK-CHAR"
]
},
"Phonetic-Semantic": {
"status": "Candidate",
"confidence": "Low",
"summary": {
"en": "at /æt/ ↔ 在 zài /tsaɪ̯/ is a candidate vowel and phonetic-semantic observation; /t/ does not correspond regularly to /ts/, and Mandarin tone is unmatched.",
"zh-Hans": "at /æt/ ↔ 在 zài /tsaɪ̯/ 是候选元音与语音—语义观察;/t/ 与 /ts/ 不构成规律对应,普通话声调也无对应。"
},
"items": [],
"source_refs": []
},
"Cognitive": {
"status": "Interpretive",
"confidence": "Medium",
"summary": {
"en": "LOCATION → PRESENCE → RELATION → WORLD",
"zh-Hans": "位置 → 在场/存在 → 关系 → 世界"
},
"items": [],
"source_refs": []
},
"Speculative": {
"status": "Candidate",
"confidence": "Low",
"summary": {
"en": "The comparison is testable but currently untested.",
"zh-Hans": "该比较可检验,但目前尚未测试。"
},
"items": [],
"source_refs": []
}
},
"hypotheses": [
{
"hypothesis_id": "UNI-AT-ZAI-001",
"type": "Vowel relation / phonetic-semantic candidate",
"claim": {
"en": "The modern forms at and 在 may support a limited phonetic-semantic association around location and presence.",
"zh-Hans": "现代词形 at 与“在”可能围绕位置与在场形成有限语音—语义联想。"
},
"status": "Candidate",
"confidence": "Low",
"supporting_cases": [
"at /æt/",
"在 zài /tsaɪ̯/",
"LOCATION → PRESENCE"
],
"counterexamples": [
"English final /t/ vs Mandarin initial /ts/",
"Mandarin lexical tone",
"non-identical grammar"
],
"testability": {
"en": "Test with blinded auditory judgments, corpus-based semantic overlap and explicit negative controls.",
"zh-Hans": "可用盲法听辨、语料语义重叠与明确负对照检验。"
},
"experiment_link": null,
"source_refs": []
}
],
"experiments": [],
"legacy_migration": {
"version": "second-pipeline-0.1",
"baseline_commit": "f35857436a743045645c1e8f06afb932bbc4db63",
"previous_fields": {
"primary_mapping": {
"mapping_id": "MAP-at-primary-zai",
"source": {
"language": "English",
"word": "at",
"pronunciation": "/æt/"
},
"target": {
"language": "Chinese",
"word": "在",
"pronunciation": "zài /tsaɪ̯/"
},
"gloss": {
"en": "Location, point or state → presence",
"zh-Hans": "位置、点或状态 → 在场/存在"
},
"meaning": {
"en": "A candidate comparison through LOCATION → PRESENCE; not interchangeable in every context.",
"zh-Hans": "通过 LOCATION → PRESENCE 建立的候选比较;并非所有语境都可互换。"
},
"mapping_type": "Phonetic-semantic candidate",
"rationale": {
"en": "The strongest support is the semantic intersection LOCATION → PRESENCE; /æ/ ↔ /aɪ̯/ is only a limited vowel observation.",
"zh-Hans": "最强支持是 LOCATION → PRESENCE 的语义交点;/æ/ ↔ /aɪ̯/ 仅为有限元音观察。"
}
},
"editorial_notes": [
{
"en": "Publication, mapping, evidence/historical relation and literature are independent axes.",
"zh-Hans": "词条发表、mapping、证据/历史关系与文学层是四条独立状态轴。"
}
]
},
"previously_absent_fields": [
"standard_translation",
"featured_mapping_status",
"featured_mapping",
"semantic_associations"
]
}
}