Language Book · Focused Lexical Review

MONTRER

显示／展示／指出（依语境）

Featured Mapping: Pending

Historical Relation: Not claimed

① Literary Introduction / Author Observation（作者原始观察）

Original observation · 原始观察（不是已核词源）

montrer显示，monitor监视器。

Retained as research provenance. No literary work is added here.

② Basic Meaning（基本词义）

Standard Translation: 显示／展示／指出（依语境）

to show, display or make known

Lexical identity: French montrer.

③ Multilingual Mapping（多语言对应）

montrer → 显示／展示／指出（依语境）. Context determines the translation; this is not a historical cognacy claim.

④ Etymology（词源）

montrer 延续 monstrare；monstrare 由 monstrum 构成，与 monere 有较深拉丁词族关系。monitor 经 Latin monitor / monere，是旁支而不是 montrer 的祖先或直接后代。SHOW、WARN、WATCH 不排成一条假的年代链。

Historical stages / 完整历史基础

monstrare — Latin; Classical Latin. SHOW / POINT OUT / MAKE KNOWN; advise/warn also documented, not an asserted sequence. Evidence: mediated; attested. Chinese Mapping: Not selected.
mostrer / monstrer — Old / Middle French; 10th-century show attestation; Académie monstrer spelling until 1718. SHOW / EXPLAIN / MAKE KNOWN. Evidence: mediated; attested. Chinese Mapping: Not selected.
montrer — French; Académie spelling from 1740 → present. SHOW / POINT OUT / MAKE VISIBLE. Evidence: mediated; attested.

⑤ Multidimensional Mapping（多维映射）

Featured Mapping: Pending

This is a valid research state. The following semantic comparisons are not selected Featured mappings.

montrer · SHOW / POINT OUT / MAKE VISIBLE

French · Académie spelling from 1740 → present

Stage candidate: 示 · shì

Semantic: direct · Phonetic: weak · Historical Relation: Not claimed

Semantic shortlist only; Featured remains Pending.

Research / Evidence · 研究与证据

montrer · SHOW / POINT OUT / MAKE VISIBLE

French · Académie spelling from 1740 → present

Stage candidate: 显 · xiǎn

Semantic: partial · Phonetic: weak · Historical Relation: Not claimed

Semantic shortlist only; Featured remains Pending.

Research / Evidence · 研究与证据

⑥ Mapping Justification（映射论证）

Meaning first. Consonant-group hit ≠ evidence score. Historical Relation: Not claimed.

Modern Chinese senses: mediated online evidence. Mainland print editions/pages and earliest attestations: Pending. Historical pronunciation: Pending where no source transcription is recorded.

Research / Evidence — candidates, controls and counterexamples

Chinese reading	Stage / sense	Role / decision	Semantic fit	Phonetic fit	Limits
示 shì	MO3 · 表明；把事物拿出或指出使人知道	candidate / shortlisted	direct — 表明；把事物拿出或指出使人知道；取显示义；不将祭祀字源或古读 qí 倒推比较	weak — /m/ versus Mandarin /ʂ/; /ɔ̃,e/ versus apical vowel; /tʀ/ unmatched; two source syllables versus one.	取显示义；不将祭祀字源或古读 qí 倒推比较
显 xiǎn	MO3 · 表现；露出	candidate / shortlisted	partial — 表现；露出；显得明显与使别人看见的及物行为不完全相同	weak — /m/ versus /ɕ/; /jɛn/ is not /ɔ̃/; /tʀe/ unmatched.	显得明显与使别人看见的及物行为不完全相同
指 zhǐ	MO3 · 指向；点明、告知	candidate / reserved	partial — 指向；点明、告知；只对 POINT OUT，不把所有 SHOW 都理解为指手势	weak — /m/ versus /ʈʂ/; no shared vowel sequence; /tʀ/ not a Mandarin initial correspondence.	只对 POINT OUT，不把所有 SHOW 都理解为指手势
梦 mèng	MO3 · 睡眠中的梦	sound_control / rejected	mismatch — 睡眠中的梦；梦中看见不能证明 MAKE VISIBLE	partial — Shared /m/ and broad nasal association only; /əŋ/ not /ɔ̃/; /tʀe/ absent.	梦中看见不能证明 MAKE VISIBLE
展示 zhǎn shì	MO3 · 把事物陈列出来供观看	meaning_control / reserved	direct — 把事物陈列出来供观看；对应陈示义，不自动覆盖 montrer 全部义项	weak — No aligned /mɔ̃tʀe/ sequence despite two syllables.	对应陈示义，不自动覆盖 montrer 全部义项

大陆大型纸本辞书的具体版本、页码、原始书证及历史音值未取得，保持 Pending。汉典基本/详细解释只作为在线转引，不冒充纸本核验；不采用其台湾国语辞典栏目。 Historical IPA and Chinese diachronic attestation not invented.

CNRTL/TLFi: montrer — Focused review 2026-09-20: specific online entry/history; some CNRTL history retrieved through indexed entry text. No fabricated historical IPA.
CNRTL/TLFi: moniteur — Focused review 2026-09-20: specific online entry/history; some CNRTL history retrieved through indexed entry text. No fabricated historical IPA.
Merriam-Webster: monster (monstrum / monere) — Focused review 2026-09-20: specific online entry/history; some CNRTL history retrieved through indexed entry text. No fabricated historical IPA.
Final Tier D Batch 1 — focused Discovery and editorial freeze — Codex delegated review; approved conditional implementation scope, not independent historical proof.
汉典：示（基本／详细解释） — Modern reading and scoped sense; mediated online reference. Printed Mainland edition/page and earliest attestation Pending; excludes 國語辭典 section.
汉典：显（基本／详细解释） — Modern reading and scoped sense; mediated online reference. Printed Mainland edition/page and earliest attestation Pending; excludes 國語辭典 section.
汉典：指（基本／详细解释） — Modern reading and scoped sense; mediated online reference. Printed Mainland edition/page and earliest attestation Pending; excludes 國語辭典 section.
汉典：梦（基本／详细解释） — Modern reading and scoped sense; mediated online reference. Printed Mainland edition/page and earliest attestation Pending; excludes 國語辭典 section.
Editorial semantic control: 展示 — Transparent standard-translation/compositional control; dedicated printed entry Pending.
Merriam-Webster: monitor — Focused direct online Word History review 2026-09-20: English monitor from Latin monitor / monere; separate from montrer.

Full record and original research archive · Focused Discovery / Freeze

⑦ Protocol References（协议依据）

Mapping Framework · Sound Protocol. Candidate generation is not historical proof.

⑧ Translation Protocol（UTP）

Translate the actual modern sense first: 显示／展示／指出（依语境）. Historical-stage comparisons and rejected observations must not replace the normal translation.

⑨ Examples（例句）

Montrez-moi le chemin.

请给我指路。

Editorial illustration, not a historical attestation.

⑩ Community（社区共创）

Future contributions may supply a precise printed dictionary entry or independently supported sound comparison. Pending is not permission to invent evidence.

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