当前模型、证据与 Pending
Greek horos (boundary) → horizein (delimit) → horizōn (kuklos) → Late Latin horizon/horizont- → English horizon; French/ME forms independently documented in Research
BOUNDARY → DELIMIT → BOUNDING CIRCLE → APPARENT HORIZON
Featured 划 huà 仅比较 historical horizein 的界定动作;Candidate,历史声音未评分。Standard Translation 地平线。火仅为 Secondary Cultural / Visual / Literary Association;旧 D/20 分不转给划。
horizein · to bound / define / delimit
Greek · Ancient Greek layer; exact attestation and pronunciation Pending
Chinese Mapping: Candidates recorded
Meaning-first DELIMIT action has a useful Chinese candidate. horos boundary is its derivational basis, not the modern fragment hor-.
Source refs: BF-HZ-MW, HZ-FR
horizōn (kuklos) · bounding circle / limiting the view
Greek · Ancient Greek layer; exact attestation Pending
Chinese Mapping: Not selected
Retained to explain semantic development; no Chinese search selected.
derivation from GREEK-DELIMIT: Participial formation used with circle; boundary/delimitation motivates the term. No compulsory Chinese mapping.
Source refs: HZ-FR, BF-HZ-MW
horizon · apparent earth/sea–sky boundary
Modern English · Modern English reference; Middle English orizon from 14th century
Chinese Mapping: Candidates recorded
Existing comparison has research value; no new candidate search.
borrowing from GREEK-CIRCLE: Via Late Latin horizon/horizont-; existing French and Middle English evidence retained in Research. No modern hor + zone analysis.
Source refs: BF-HZ-MW, HZ-CAM
划 · candidate / shortlisted
Source unit: horizein · semantic_only
Chinese layer: Modern Mandarin · Modern Mandarin · Modern Mandarin reference; historical attestations remain in Research
huà [Modern Mandarin]
Semantic Fit: direct (High) — Meaning-first semantic-structural Candidate:BOUNDARY → DELIMIT → 划界。只比较 horizein 的界定动作;划不是 horizon 的标准译词。
Phonetic Fit: not_evaluated (Unknown) — This Featured is selected semantically. Greek historical sound not frozen; no phonetic score inferred from spelling or modern horizon.
- onset: Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.
- vowel: Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.
- coda_other_consonants: Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.
- syllables: Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.
- prosody: Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.
Historical Relation: Not claimed
- chinese_sense: mediated — Specific Mainland digital entry within its visible scope; not a print dictionary or directly collated ancient text. [BF-HZ-HUA]
- comparison_inference: lead — Editorial comparison; previous qualitative levels and unvalidated component scores remain in original Research fields. [BF-HZ-HUA]
- chinese_sense: pending — Mainland print edition/entry not directly obtained; no page or quotation invented. []
地平线 · candidate / shortlisted
Source unit: horizon · semantic_only
Chinese layer: Modern Mandarin · Modern Mandarin · Modern Mandarin reference; historical attestations remain in Research
dì píng xiàn [Modern Mandarin]
Semantic Fit: direct (High) — Modern lexical translation; not 划 or 火.
Phonetic Fit: not_evaluated (Low) — Existing feature comparison retained; no acoustic measurement.
- onset: Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.
- vowel: Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.
- coda_other_consonants: Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.
- syllables: Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.
- prosody: Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.
Historical Relation: Not claimed
- chinese_sense: mediated — Specific Mainland digital entry within its visible scope; not a print dictionary or directly collated ancient text. [HZ-ZD-HORIZON]
- comparison_inference: lead — Editorial comparison; previous qualitative levels and unvalidated component scores remain in original Research fields. [HZ-ZD-HORIZON]
- chinese_sense: pending — Mainland print edition/entry not directly obtained; no page or quotation invented. []
火 · candidate / reserved
Source unit: horizon · semantic_only
Chinese layer: Modern Mandarin · Modern Mandarin · Modern Mandarin reference; historical attestations remain in Research
huǒ [Modern Mandarin]
Semantic Fit: indirect (Low) — Secondary Cultural / Visual / Literary Association only: horizon → sunrise/sunset → light/sun imagery → 火。不是历史词源或词义等同。
Phonetic Fit: not_evaluated (Low) — No sound score for the visual/literary association. Previous weak surface-sound observation survives only as Research.
- onset: Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.
- vowel: Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.
- coda_other_consonants: Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.
- syllables: Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.
- prosody: Not separately evaluated in existing research; no new rating.
Historical Relation: Not claimed
- chinese_sense: mediated — Specific Mainland digital entry within its visible scope; not a print dictionary or directly collated ancient text. [HZ-ZD-FIRE]
- comparison_inference: lead — Editorial comparison; previous qualitative levels and unvalidated component scores remain in original Research fields. [HZ-ZD-FIRE]
- chinese_sense: pending — Mainland print edition/entry not directly obtained; no page or quotation invented. []
- comparison_inference: lead — Sunrise context is documented; extending this to fire is an author visual/literary association, not linguistic proof. [HZ-AUTHOR, HZ-ZD-SUNRISE]
Migration baseline: dcfc3dc3f6ae5424beb61ef22b6f55ca3ecebde2. 原有评级、评分、反例及逐项来源见本页各折叠研究章节;本批按已批准 Freeze 校准;旧主张不代表当前证据等级。
Merriam-Webster: horizon · BF-HZ-MW
汉典:划 · BF-HZ-HUA
完整结构化研究记录