NEW

1. Merriam-Webster Dictionary: new · NEW-MW
2. CNRTL / TLFi: nouveau, nouvel, -elle · NEW-FR
3. Cambridge Dictionary: new pronunciation · NEW-CAM
4. 汉典：牛 · NEW-ZD
5. 《汉语拼音方案》 · NEW-PINYIN
6. 首都博物馆：老北京传统节令风情展 · NEW-ZODIAC
7. 唐诗宋词里的十二时辰 · NEW-HOURS
8. 《宾退录》：子时分日辨析（识典古籍转录） · NEW-DAY
9. 《图像本草蒙筌》（识典古籍转录） · NEW-SHENNONG
10. Jinkai Liu：NEW → 牛原始笔记 · NEW-AUTHOR
11. Unilanguage Mapping Framework · NEW-RUBRIC

{
  "evidence": {
    "Historical": {
      "status": "Established",
      "confidence": "High",
      "summary": {
        "en": "English new continues Middle English newe/new/nywe and Old English nīowe/nīewe/nēowe. Merriam-Webster traces these through Germanic *neuja- to Indo-European *neu̯i̯o-, derived from *neu̯o-. French nouveau continues Latin novellus, a derivative of novus. The Latin base and English word belong to an independently documented Indo-European family; neither is derived from Chinese 牛.",
        "zh-Hans": "英语 new 承接中古英语 newe／new／nywe 和古英语 nīowe／nīewe／nēowe；Merriam-Webster 上溯至日耳曼语拟构 *neuja- 及印欧语拟构 *neu̯i̯o-、*neu̯o-。法语 nouveau 来自拉丁语 novellus，后者由 novus 派生。拉丁语基础词与英语词的印欧词族关系有独立辞书依据；二者均不据此与牛建立历史关系。"
      },
      "items": [
        {
          "evidence_id": "NEW-HIST-EN",
          "claim": {
            "en": "English new has an independent Germanic / Indo-European history.",
            "zh-Hans": "英语 new 有独立的日耳曼语／印欧语历史。"
          },
          "status": "Established",
          "confidence": "High",
          "source_refs": [
            "NEW-MW"
          ]
        },
        {
          "evidence_id": "NEW-HIST-FR",
          "claim": {
            "en": "French nouveau derives from Latin novellus, from novus; a Latin derivative, not a borrowing from English new.",
            "zh-Hans": "法语 nouveau 源于拉丁语 novellus，后者由 novus 派生；不是借自英语 new。"
          },
          "status": "Established",
          "confidence": "High",
          "source_refs": [
            "NEW-FR",
            "NEW-MW"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source_refs": [
        "NEW-MW",
        "NEW-FR"
      ]
    },
    "Phonetic-Semantic": {
      "status": "Candidate",
      "confidence": "Low",
      "summary": {
        "en": "Surface similarity: moderate for UK /njuː/, limited-to-moderate for US /nuː/; qualitative editorial assessment, not a measured distance. Both share /n/. UK /j/ resembles the Mandarin medial; US lacks it. English /uː/ differs from the Mandarin iou rime and its vowel movement. Mandarin rising lexical tone has no lexical-tone counterpart in English.",
        "zh-Hans": "表面音近：UK /njuː/ 评为中等，US /nuː/ 评为有限至中等；这是定性编辑评估，不是测量分数。共同点是 /n/；英式 /j/ 与普通话介音近似，美式参考读音没有该音。英语 /uː/ 与普通话 iou 韵母及其元音运动不同；普通话阳平也没有英语词汇声调对应。"
      },
      "items": [
        {
          "evidence_id": "NEW-PHON-001",
          "claim": {
            "en": "Surface similarity: moderate for UK /njuː/, limited-to-moderate for US /nuː/; qualitative editorial assessment, not a measured distance. Both share /n/. UK /j/ resembles the Mandarin medial; US lacks it. English /uː/ differs from the Mandarin iou rime and its vowel movement. Mandarin rising lexical tone has no lexical-tone counterpart in English.",
            "zh-Hans": "表面音近：UK /njuː/ 评为中等，US /nuː/ 评为有限至中等；这是定性编辑评估，不是测量分数。共同点是 /n/；英式 /j/ 与普通话介音近似，美式参考读音没有该音。英语 /uː/ 与普通话 iou 韵母及其元音运动不同；普通话阳平也没有英语词汇声调对应。"
          },
          "status": "Candidate",
          "confidence": "Low",
          "source_refs": [
            "NEW-CAM",
            "NEW-ZD",
            "NEW-PINYIN"
          ]
        },
        {
          "evidence_id": "NEW-SEM-001",
          "claim": {
            "en": "new means 新的; 牛 means cattle/ox/cow according to context. Direct lexical-semantic equivalence: No / unsupported. The proposed bridge is cultural and indirect.",
            "zh-Hans": "new 的常规译义是新的；牛的基本词义属 cattle／ox／cow 类，依语境区分。直接词义等同：No／unsupported。这里的意义桥梁是间接文化联想。"
          },
          "status": "Supported",
          "confidence": "Medium",
          "source_refs": [
            "NEW-MW",
            "NEW-ZD"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source_refs": [
        "NEW-CAM",
        "NEW-ZD",
        "NEW-PINYIN",
        "NEW-MW"
      ]
    },
    "Cognitive": {
      "status": "Interpretive",
      "confidence": "Low",
      "summary": {
        "en": "Original Author Cultural-Temporal Mapping Hypothesis: 牛 → 丑牛 → unfolding nocturnal cycle → renewal/new. “子不代表新” is the author’s mapping choice, not a dictionary definition or a denial of 子-related day boundaries.",
        "zh-Hans": "作者原创文化—时间映射假说：牛 → 丑牛 → 夜间周期展开 → renewal／new。“子不代表新”是作者本条的映射选择，不是辞书义，也不否认日界与子时的关系。"
      },
      "items": [
        {
          "evidence_id": "NEW-CULT-FACT",
          "claim": {
            "en": "Documented context: 子–鼠 and 丑–牛; conventionally 子 23:00–01:00 and 丑 01:00–03:00. A mediated Bintuilu passage distinguishes the earlier and later parts of 子 across days and disputes treating the start of 子 as an automatic date change. This is evidence of a historical discussion, not a universal chronology.",
            "zh-Hans": "已核验的文化背景：子—鼠、丑—牛；通行换算子时 23:00–01:00、丑时 01:00–03:00。《宾退录》平台转录区分子时前后部分的日期归属，并辨析是否一入子时就换日；这说明存在历史辨析，不能据此宣布历代统一制度。"
          },
          "status": "Supported",
          "confidence": "Medium",
          "source_refs": [
            "NEW-ZODIAC",
            "NEW-HOURS",
            "NEW-DAY"
          ]
        },
        {
          "evidence_id": "NEW-CULT-HYP",
          "claim": {
            "en": "Original Author Cultural-Temporal Mapping Hypothesis: 牛 → 丑牛 → unfolding nocturnal cycle → renewal/new. “子不代表新” is the author’s mapping choice, not a dictionary definition or a denial of 子-related day boundaries.",
            "zh-Hans": "作者原创文化—时间映射假说：牛 → 丑牛 → 夜间周期展开 → renewal／new。“子不代表新”是作者本条的映射选择，不是辞书义，也不否认日界与子时的关系。"
          },
          "status": "Candidate",
          "confidence": "Low",
          "source_refs": [
            "NEW-AUTHOR"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source_refs": [
        "NEW-ZODIAC",
        "NEW-HOURS",
        "NEW-DAY",
        "NEW-AUTHOR"
      ]
    },
    "Speculative": {
      "status": "Not evaluated",
      "confidence": "Unknown",
      "summary": {
        "en": "No independent experiment has been run. Nibiru / Anunnaki are excluded from formal evidence and retained only in the archived author note.",
        "zh-Hans": "尚无独立实验；Nibiru／Anunnaki 不进入正式证据，仅在作者原始笔记留档。"
      },
      "items": [],
      "source_refs": []
    }
  },
  "hypotheses": [
    {
      "hypothesis_id": "UNI-NEW-NIU-001",
      "type": "Original Author Cultural-Temporal Mapping Hypothesis",
      "claim": {
        "en": "Original Author Cultural-Temporal Mapping Hypothesis: 牛 → 丑牛 → unfolding nocturnal cycle → renewal/new. “子不代表新” is the author’s mapping choice, not a dictionary definition or a denial of 子-related day boundaries.",
        "zh-Hans": "作者原创文化—时间映射假说：牛 → 丑牛 → 夜间周期展开 → renewal／new。“子不代表新”是作者本条的映射选择，不是辞书义，也不否认日界与子时的关系。"
      },
      "status": "Candidate",
      "confidence": "Low",
      "mapping_level": "D",
      "supporting_cases": [
        "One authored pair: new → 牛; documented cultural context only"
      ],
      "counterexamples": [
        "牛 has no supported standard NEW sense in the consulted lexical entry; print normative entry verification remains pending.",
        "Independent English etymology; modern resemblance may be accidental.",
        "Yod-dropping / accent selection changes the comparison.",
        "Mandarin iou rime and rising tone are unmatched; spelling is not sound.",
        "The zodiac-to-renewal bridge is authored; cultural facts do not prove cognacy.",
        "Selecting one attractive pair invites selection bias; English new and French nouveau are not independent etymological replications."
      ],
      "testability": {
        "en": "Pre-register auditory judgments for both English accents and Mandarin; compare matched random pairs, new→新 semantic control, culture-informed versus uninformed listeners, and culturally unrelated sound matches. Test memory benefit separately from sound distance. Deduplicate etymological families; no single-case generalization.",
        "zh-Hans": "预注册两种英语参考口音与普通话的听辨；设置匹配随机词对、new→新语义对照、知晓／不知晓文化背景的听者，以及无文化联系的音近对照。记忆收益与音系距离分别测试，词源家族去重；不从单例归纳规律。"
      },
      "experiment_link": null,
      "source_refs": [
        "NEW-AUTHOR"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "experiments": [],
  "cultural_associations": [
    {
      "claim": {
        "en": "A mediated Ming text narrates Shennong / Yandi with an ox head and human body.",
        "zh-Hans": "明代文献的平台转录有炎帝神农人身牛首叙述。"
      },
      "status": "Supported within transcription; edition pending",
      "source_refs": [
        "NEW-SHENNONG"
      ],
      "is_etymological": false,
      "boundary": "Narrative tradition only; no linguistic relation to NEW"
    }
  ],
  "source": {
    "type": "author manuscript",
    "author": "Jinkai Liu",
    "status": "Preserved with explicit recalibration",
    "normalization": "Simplified Chinese reader prose; niu → niú; Language Book / Unilanguage / Collanguage naming.",
    "raw_note": "New，新的。牛 niu。丑牛时辰为一天新的开始。English new adj. 新的；French nouveau adj. 新的；Chinese 牛 n.。子鼠丑牛。子不代表新，牛时辰是新的开始。另提及 Nibiru/Anunnaki 与神农氏人身牛头。原始推想仅留档：Not evidence for etymology or historical relation。"
  },
  "legacy_migration": {
    "version": "second-pipeline-0.1",
    "baseline_commit": "f35857436a743045645c1e8f06afb932bbc4db63",
    "previous_fields": {
      "editorial_notes": [
        {
          "en": "Schema has no Candidate entry lifecycle: Draft is used; Mapping remains Candidate. Public availability does not certify review.",
          "zh-Hans": "现行 schema 无 Candidate 词条生命周期，故 entry_status 用 Draft，mapping_status 用 Candidate；页面公开不代表审核通过。"
        },
        {
          "en": "D / Low confidence: this is a created symbolic bridge under the current Mapping Framework. The template also assigns D to created relations. A future benchmark plan does not upgrade it to C.",
          "zh-Hans": "D／低置信度：按现行 Mapping Framework 属于创造的符号桥梁；模板也将创造关系列为 D。未来实验计划不自动将其升为 C。"
        }
      ]
    },
    "previously_absent_fields": [
      "standard_translation",
      "featured_mapping_status",
      "featured_mapping",
      "semantic_associations"
    ]
  }
}